A written report on type of crime or deviance: Stalking ✓ Solved

A written report on type of crime or deviance: Stalking

The assignment requires a full analysis of the behavior area of stalking. This analysis should include the historical and current aspects of “defiance,” “deviation,” and areas of “morality,” providing an explanation of why and how stalking became criminal or deviant. The report should discuss various perspectives and theories that may logically explain stalking, as well as those that do not. Additionally, the analysis should cover the various control philosophies and how they may affect the frequency and morality of stalking. Lastly, circumstances that could decrease the frequency of stalking should be proposed. The report must adhere to APA or ASA format and be at least 15 pages long, demonstrating knowledge and understanding of course content through a comprehensive analysis of the crime category. Students are encouraged to seek professor feedback on drafts.

Paper For Above Instructions

Introduction

Stalking is a complex and multifaceted behavior that encompasses a range of actions that can cause distress and fear in victims. It is defined behaviorally as a pattern of unwanted and repetitive pursuit, which can be both criminal and deviant in nature. This report aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of stalking, exploring its definitions, historical context, and the theoretical frameworks that attempt to explain such behavior.

Historical Context of Stalking

The concept of stalking has evolved significantly over time. Historically, stalking was often trivialized and not fully recognized as a serious issue. In many cultures, behaviors that could be identified as stalking were often romanticized or dismissed as infatuation. However, the late 20th century saw increased awareness and acknowledgment of stalking as a threatening behavior, particularly with the advent of anti-stalking legislation in many jurisdictions. High-profile cases have brought this issue to light, influencing public perception and leading to legal reforms designed to better protect victims.

Defiance and Deviation in Stalking Behavior

Defiance in stalking is often associated with a rejection of societal norms regarding personal boundaries and consent. Deviant behavior, which contrasts with societal expectations, is inherent in the act of stalking as it constitutes a severe violation of an individual’s autonomy. Various legal definitions of stalking have been established, making it clear that persistent, unwanted attention directed at a person may infringe upon their rights and safety, thus categorizing it as deviant. Understanding these deviations from social norms is critical to grasping the underpinnings of stalking behavior.

Theories Explaining Stalking

Rational Choice Theory

Rational Choice Theory posits that individuals make decisions based on a cost-benefit analysis. In the context of stalking, the stalker may perceive the potential benefits of pursuing a victim as outweighing the risks involved. This perspective may provide insight into why some individuals engage in their behavior despite the likelihood of legal repercussions.

Psychological Theories

Psychological theories, including attachment theory and personality disorders, offer explanations for stalking behaviors. Attachment theory suggests that individuals with insecure attachment styles may engage in stalking as a means to maintain proximity to a desired partner. Additionally, certain personality disorders, such as narcissistic or borderline personality disorder, could predispose individuals to stalking through irrational behaviors and unstable relationships.

Social Learning Theory

Social Learning Theory advocates that behavior is learned through observing and modeling the actions of others. If individuals are exposed to behaviors that normalize or trivialize obsessive pursuits, they may internalize these behaviors and resort to stalking. This theory underscores the importance of social context and media influence on the development of deviant behaviors.

Control Philosophies and Their Impact

Control philosophies play a crucial role in understanding the societal response to stalking. Deterrence theory suggests that the perceived risk of punishment can deter individuals from engaging in stalking behaviors. If judicial systems are perceived as ineffective or overly lenient, it may embolden individuals to pursue stalking behavior. Moreover, societal norms regarding gender and relationships can further complicate responses to stalking, often leading to victim-blaming and insufficient protective measures.

Proposals to Reduce Stalking Frequency

Several measures could be proposed to decrease the frequency of stalking. Public education campaigns aimed at increasing awareness of stalking can foster a better understanding of the issue, allowing potential victims to recognize the signs early and seek help. Enhanced legal protections, including more stringent deterrents and support for victims, are vital. Additionally, fostering open discussions about harmful social norms and stereotypes regarding relationships can contribute to a cultural shift that does not trivialize or romanticize obsessive behaviors.

Conclusion

In conclusion, stalking remains a pertinent social issue that reflects various dimensions of deviance, defiance, and morality. A multi-theoretical approach is necessary to fully comprehend its complexities and potential solutions. Through education, legal reform, and cultural change, it is possible to mitigate the prevalence of stalking behavior, ultimately protecting potential victims and fostering a safer society.

References

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  • Fisher, B. S., & Cullen, F. T. (2000). Handbook of Criminal Justice Theory and Research. New York: Garland Publishing.

  • Pathe, M., & Mullen, P. E. (1997). The Relationship Between Stalking and the Criminal Justice System. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 31(4), 563-570.

  • Griffin, M. (2018). Community Responses to Stalking: Insights from Victim Advocates. Feminist Criminology, 13(3), 260-278.

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  • Cooper, C. (2022). Reducing Stalking through Enhanced Community Education: A Case Study. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(2), 495-511.