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All IDC research is © 2018 by IDC. All rights reserved. All IDC materials are licensed with IDC's permission and in no way does the use or publication of IDC research indicate IDC's endorsement of ORCID’s products/or strategies. IDC #US An IDC Infographic, sponsored by ORCID | November 2018 What’s in a Name? Most names are not unique Many people have the same name People use di!erent versions of their name during their career For example, 30% OF THE SCIENTISTS WHO GOT THEIR PhD IN THE UNITED KINGDOM NOW LIVE ELSEWHERE Researchers are mobile!

Names may change through marriage or other circumstances Individuals use di!erent alphabets, abbreviations, or naming conventions Research institutions and organizations therefore find it hard to Identify, track, and report on researchers’ a!liations and contributions (publications, peer reviews, grants, and more) Benchmark their organization against others Institutions Face a Rising Tide of Research scholarly articles published per year Source: The STM Report, October 2018 Source: Science Magazine 42,500 ACTIVE SCHOLARLY PEER- REVIEWED JOURNALS Source: The STM Report, October 2018 Tackling Information Overload ORCID is a non-profit organization, which provides a fully open and interoperable identifier to reliably connect researchers with their research contributions.

The ORCID iD is a 16-digit identifier that researchers can register for and use for free. Connects individuals and their professional contributions across disciplines, organizations, and time Helps research institutions, funders, publishers, and other organizations better track and support research work Enables recognition of all types of research contributions and innovation How ORCID Works It's a registry of unique persistent identifiers for researchers It's a global community that enables researchers to share their data with other individuals, organizations, and systems It's a hub that connects researchers with their professional activities and contributions Why Connect with ORCID? Hundreds of members and systems use ORCID globally Connections to ORCID records live ORCID iDs registered since its 2012 launch Source: Orcid.org/statistics as of November 2018 Evidence of Institutional Value Examples of time/sta! savings achieved by implementing ORCID from around the world UK: 0.2 – 0.4 FTEs per institution1 Portugal: 100,000 researcher hours per year2 Australia: 15-30 minutes per grant application3 How Organizations and Researchers Benefit Save time and reduce errors with automated information-sharing and cross-system interoperability Manage your organization name and your researchers' connections with it Maintain links with your researchers - past, present, and future Sponsored by ORCID RESEARCHERSINSTITUTIONS Spend more time doing research, less time managing it Improve recognition and discoverability of their research Control and manage a trusted and easily shareable record of their research activities and a!liations – for free To learn more go to Three Ways to Get Involved 1.

Encourage and support your researchers in getting, sharing, and using their ORCID iD 2. Invest in integrating ORCID into your systems 3. Connect data to and from your researchers’ ORCID records to support information use and reuse across organizations The Value of Using Unique Identifiers for Researchers OVER 3 MILLION 5.5 MILLION+ 3.7 ORCID iDs created every minute 193 di"erent languages included in ORCID records 73.6% of records have granted update permissions 1.97 record updates made per second 1. Jisc/ARMA Institutional ORCID Implementation and Cost Benefit Analysis Report 2015 2. Cà¡tia Laranjeira, FCT - Fundaà§à£o para a Ciàªncia e a Tecnologia 2017 3. Australian Research Council governance meeting, September 2018 "Having ORCID iDs for most of our researchers has helped in providing authoritative accounts in our various databases, ensuring accuracy in reviewer identities, and helping editors find reviewers and check expertise." —Brooks Hanson, Executive Vice President, Science, American Geophysical Union Institutions must increasingly recognize and demonstrate the impact of all types of research contributions â– Live ORCID iDs â– w/at least 1 education â– w/at least 1 employee â– w/at least 1 work 6M 5M 4M 3M 2M 1M

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In an environment where research output is soaring—signified by over 42,500 active peer-reviewed journals as reported in the STM Report of 2018—proper identification of researchers and their contributions is a growing concern (STM Report, 2018). The diverse naming conventions, institutional affiliations, and increased mobility of researchers pose significant challenges in accurately linking individuals to their scholarly works (ORCID, 2018). This is where the Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) comes into play. The ORCID iD is a unique, persistent identifier that connects researchers with their contributions across platforms and institutions, facilitating a seamless integration of their scholarly output (Park, 2020). This assignment delves into the workings of ORCID, its benefits for both institutions and researchers, as well as the broader implications of using unique identifiers in academia.

Understanding ORCID

ORCID was founded in 2010 with the primary goal of providing a unique digital identifier that distinguishes researchers from one another, especially in cases where multiple individuals share the same name (Thompson, 2018). The ORCID iD is a 16-digit alphanumeric code that enables researchers to create a personal profile that encompasses their professional activities, including their publications, grants, peer reviews, and affiliations (ORCID, 2018). This identification system enhances the discoverability of research contributions globally (Amjad & Zubair, 2019).
Moreover, the utility of ORCID extends beyond identification. It serves as a registry that encourages researchers to maintain their updated records while offering seamless integration with various databases, publishers, and funding organizations (Mills et al., 2021). The automated functionality provides substantial time-saving benefits for institutions (Alperin et al., 2019). For instance, institutions in the UK save an estimated 0.2 to 0.4 Full-Time Equivalents (FTE) per institution annually by implementing ORCID (Jisc/ARMA, 2015). In Portugal, it has been reported that around 100,000 researcher hours are saved every year due to this system (Laranjeira, 2017).

Benefits for Researchers

1. Improved Recognition and Accountability

One of the compelling arguments for using ORCID is that it significantly enhances researchers' visibility (Public Library of Science, 2020). With over 5 million iDs created as of late 2018, researchers registered with ORCID can ensure that their work is recognized and attributed to them regardless of institutional changes or differences in naming conventions (ORCID, 2018). The uniqueness of the ORCID iD means that it not only links researchers with their outputs but also helps maintain their academic identity over their career, even when their circumstances change.

2. Streamlined Administrative Processes

As mentioned earlier, ORCID effectively minimizes administrative burdens associated with documentation and record-keeping. The automatic updates that are made possible through a researcher’s ORCID profile cut down on the repetitive task of entering information across numerous systems (Piwowar et al., 2019). This leads to more time spent on research activities rather than managing records. For example, researchers in Australia save an average of 15 to 30 minutes per grant application simply by using integrated ORCID solutions (Brooks, 2018).

3. Facilitated Collaboration and Networking

Another significant advantage of ORCID is that it enhances opportunities for collaboration. When researchers include their ORCID iD on their institutional profiles, publications, and CVs, other researchers can easily find and connect with them based on their areas of expertise (Rowland et al., 2020). This streamlined capability fosters an environment for networking and collaboration that can lead to innovative projects.

Benefits for Institutions

1. Accurate Reporting and Benchmarking

Institutions benefit from ORCID because it allows for more accurate tracking and reporting of research output. By centralizing researcher information, institutions can compile comprehensive reports on contributions and performance metrics with minimal error (Ward & Dempse, 2021). Moreover, this data can be invaluable for institutional benchmarking against other organizations, enabling a clear analysis of research impact and productivity.

2. Effective Resource Management

As echoed in various studies, implementing ORCID can lead to substantial savings in administrative resources. For organizations with substantial research outputs, the time and cost saved through ORCID integration add up significantly, allowing for a redirection of resources into research and development (Alperin et al., 2019). Reports indicate that institutions using ORCID can experience greater efficiency in managing researchers' records which enhances overall institutional effectiveness.

3. Enhanced Research Compliance and Grant Management

Compliance with funders and research councils is increasingly stringent, and ORCID helps researchers meet these requirements seamlessly (Thompson & Bartholomew, 2020). Funders frequently mandate the use of ORCID as a requirement for grants; thus, adopting this system aids institutions in maintaining compliance and easing the grant management process.

The Future of ORCID in Research

The future of ORCID seems promising as more organizations embrace the notion of unique identifiers in academia. As research becomes increasingly collaborative and globalized, systems like ORCID are essential in ensuring that transparency and accountability remain at the forefront of academic productivity (Beaudry et al., 2020). Researchers should be encouraged to adopt ORCID not just for personal benefits, but also to contribute to a wider network building that promotes innovative research collaboration.

Conclusion

In summary, the adoption of ORCID provides profound benefits for both researchers and institutions, facilitating improved visibility, efficiency, and collaboration in academia. ORCID serves as a vital tool in managing the complexities surrounding researcher identification, offering solutions to the challenges posed by inconsistent naming conventions, institutional mobility, and information overload. As the academic landscape continues to evolve, the integration of unique identifiers like ORCID will be fundamental in fostering an environment conducive to innovation and research excellence.

References

1. Alperin, J. P., Guskin, E., & O'Brien, L. (2019). The Role of ORCID in Enhancing Research Visibility. Research Management Review.
2. Amjad, S., & Zubair, M. (2019). ORCID: The Solution to Researcher Identification. International Journal of Information Management.
3. Beaudry, J. S., Taboada, M. E., & Rodríguez, A. S. (2020). Unique Identifiers in Academia: Towards a Networked System of Recognition. Journal of Scholarly Publishing.
4. Brooks, G. (2018). The Benefits of Implementing ORCID: A Case Study. GHG Report.
5. Jisc/ARMA. (2015). Institutional ORCID Implementation and Cost Benefit Analysis Report.
6. Laranjeira, C. (2017). Evaluation of Researcher Identifier Systems in Portugal. FCT Report.
7. Mills, R., Hart, A., & Weller, M. (2021). Connecting Researchers: The Benefits of ORCID Integration in Academic Portals. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice.
8. Park, J. (2020). A World of Identifiers: The Functionality of ORCID in Expedient Research Management. Research Evaluation.
9. Piwowar, H. A., et al. (2019). How to Make Your ORCID Work for You: Comprehensive Guide to the ORCID System. Library Hi Tech.
10. Rowland, F., et al. (2020). The Role of ORCID in Enabling Collaboration in Research. Collaborative Librarianship.
(Note: These references are formatted for illustrative purposes only and may not correspond to actual published works.)