Althe Judges Ruling Was Based On Many Factors That Deemed The Dog Bre ✓ Solved
A.L The judges ruling was based on many factors that deemed the dog breeding was being operated without the intent for profit. The operation was not ran in a “business-like†manner. For instance, there was no issuance of either a zoning variance or pertinent licensing. Shantoma was operated out of the home and there was no phone or directory kept separately for the business and transfer of money took place from a personal checking account, not a specified business account. The records kept were sub par and offered no cost analysis or profit forecast, and the bookkeepers position was not paid for this additional annual deed.
There was also no issuance of insurance for the dogs. From a personal outward perspective, no I do not agree with the judges ruling. Aside from what is considered “business-like†and what isn’t, it seems clear to me in a common sense aspect that the operation was intended to be operated for profit. However, the case states, “In determining whether the requisite intention to make a profit exists, greater weight is to be given to the objective facts than to the tax-payers self-serving characterization of his intent.†Therefore, based on the proof provided by the Burgers, and their lack of professionalism surrounding the operation, I do understand the judges ruling. I would advise a client to perform and write up a purpose statement/business plan.
As well as operate the business separately from their personal finances, acquiring all necessary license and registration requirements. I would also advise investing in an accounting software program that can complete the basic profit/loss analysis and organize their finances. PERCEPTIONS OF TRUST IN PUBLIC–PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION -- IMPLICATIONS FOR CIVIL SECURITY, LEADERSHIP, POLICY, AND MANAGEMENT by Arturo Flores Research Methods Michael Krantz, CPP, Ph.D. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the class Research Methods New Jersey City University 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ix LIST OF FIGURES xi CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 Statement of the Problem 4 Purpose of the Research 6 Research Question 7 Subsidiary Questions 7 Significance of the Study 8 Limitations of the Research 8 Delimitations of the Research 9 Definitions 9 Outline of the Research Study 11 II.
LITERATURE REVIEW 13 Public–Private Partnership for Homeland Security 14 Forms of Public–Private Partnership 15 Partnership in Critical Infrastructure Protection 17 Critical Infrastructure Partnership Model 18 Challenges to Effective Partnerships 20 Collaboration as Public Policy 22 What is Collaboration? 23 Collaboration, Cooperation, and Coordination 26 Collaboration as a Multidimensional Process 27 The Dependence on Trust 29 Defining Trust 31 Who Trusts Whom? 33 Antecedents of Trust: Trust Beliefs 35 The Trust Building Process 40 Trust Inhibitors 43 III. METHODOLOGY 47 Research Model 48 Research Design 51 Response 52 Survey Design 53 Summary 54 IV. RESULTS AND FINDINGS V.
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 172 Summary of the Research 172 Conclusions 174 Recommendations 176 Policy 177 Practice 177 Future Research 179 REFERENCES 181 APPENDIX A. IRB Approval Letter 192 APPENDIX B. Critical Infrastructure Sectors 193 APPENDIX C. Survey Instrument 193 Chapter I Introduction Many countries are worried about their possible contributions to unrest and instability because of increasing unemployment rates and population (youth bulge). I will use a cross-country panel database to examine the potential contributions to domestic Terrorism of youth unemployment.
The result is a good relationship between domestic Terrorism and youth unemployment, depending on the various development factors, including corruption, the inefficiency of public authorities, and the absence of the rule of law (this is a different study). Youth unemployment, however, is not an essential predictor of transnational Terrorism across countries, as expected. We end by emphasizing that the role of unemployed youth in preventing Terrorism must be taken into more significant consideration. Statement of the Problem This study aims to determine a potential impact on young male terrorists. Globally, the unemployment rate has escalated, especially among youths.
Most of them are graduates who have high expectations, especially with the government's promises of employment opportunities. Such circumstances result in unhappy lives, mental issues, and community despise… Purpose of the Research This investigation aims to view Terrorism as a rejection of democracy and human rights, (this is a different study) with unemployment rates playing a key role in domestic Terrorism. The OSCE's participating countries are dedicated, without exception, to combating all acts of Terrorism as the most severe crimes. This study looks at how states, specifically police authorities, are required to protect all persons within their jurisdictions from Terrorism and the right to life, protection, and other human and fundamental freedoms, as part of their human rights obligations.
This calls for a comprehensive anti-terrorist approach by reducing unemployment while respecting human rights and law rule (Ghatak & Gold, 2017). Research Question What is the impact of young male terrorist and unemployment? (this is the research question to use) Because violence involves civil society or a nation's infrastructure—sometimes but not always citizens and often to intimidate, coercion, or influence domestic policies. The problem of national security and critical infrastructure needs must be addressed through objective analysis that assists government agencies in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery by preventing, mitigating, and improving disaster preparedness, response, and recovery.
Subsidiary Questions sub area of joblessness (1 topic) sub are of terrorism of economic poverty/extremist (topics) How can state policies' effectiveness and credibility against Terrorism be jeopardized if the state uses its power to violate universal human rights laws by any of its agencies? Is it especially important for police to be held accountable for their actions to maintain credibility, confidence, trust, and public support, given that they play such a critical role in counter-terrorism? It is not clear that an official appointment as terrorists of domestic extremists would provide further benefits that overweight potential risks to the USA's civil freedoms. (this is another study) (must be revised to unemployment and young male terrorist) Significance of the Study This paper looks at how youth unemployment is linked to Palestinian violence.
The underlying mechanism first comes with a qualitative explanation. Eventually, empirical results show that the growth in youth unemployment and the brutality and incidence of violence, supported by the number of casualties, and incidents are positively connected. Terrorist acts can have negative consequences for the economy. The most obvious is that property and life are being destroyed directly. Terrorism affects the economy indirectly by creating market uncertainty, xenophobia, tourism loss, and increased insurance claims.
Null Hypothesis It is commonly assumed that domestic terror would be minimal if the government provided full employment. A combined government effort that helps to mitigate violence by hate groups and also actively curb the flow of online disinformation could be an excellent first step towards reducing home-grown extremism. Hypothesis: Home terrorism is linked to the unemployment rate. The null hypothesis, in contrast, is that the rate of unemployment is not related to domestic Terrorism. Alternative Hypothesis The supplementary assumption says that political rights have an important role and are related positively to domestic Terrorism.
In addition to increasing the employment rate, if there is a more authoritarian government, it will help mitigate domestic Terrorism. That's why the unemployment gap caused domestic terrorists to be recruited. They benefit the desperate young people by promising them better wages than the government offers and protecting their families. Limitations of the Research Resources are unavailable as small sample size and a faulty methodology; the study's limitation is its defects or weaknesses. No study is entirely perfect or all possible features included.
Consequently, the research constraints are largely due to insufficient resources and a population not prepared to supply data. Time constraints are also part of the limitations in the conduct of the study. Delimitations of the Research This study's focus was often criticized for being too narrow, event-driven, and overly linked to governments' anti-terrorism policies. The analysis of keywords in this article evaluates the extent to which these issues remain in terrorist literature. Nonetheless, the research focuses on several fluctuations, domestic terrorism research, and unemployment research (Coccia, 2018).
It has kept a strong focus more generally on domestic Terrorism and the geographical areas closely linked with this kind of terrorist violence. Definitions The definition of domestic Terrorism under the 2001 U.S. Patriot Act is "activities involving acts that are a danger to people and violated U.S. or state criminal laws." Unemployment is defined as when a person who is actively looking for a job cannot find a job. The health of the economy is often measured by unemployment. Summary Chapter 1 looked at the purpose of the study and developed research questions based on the review of the literature and available scholarly research.
Chapter 2 will look at the available scholarly research related to the proposed topic. Chapter II Chapter 1 looked at the purpose of the study and developed research questions based on the review of the literature and available scholarly research. Chapter 2 will look at the available scholarly research related to the proposed topic. Literature Review Partnership for Homeland Security This paper examines how the 2002 Homeland Security Act (H.S. Act), which established the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), brought together 22 different organizations to help deter terrorist attacks in the United States.
It reduces the country's vulnerability to terrorist attacks, and mitigate damage, and aid recovery after terrorist attacks. The act established the Department's specific home security responsibilities, such as information sharing between its organizations, other federal agencies, government agencies and local authorities, the private sector, and others to carry out this mission. Forms of Public-Private Partnership In light of a case study into the role of private financial institutions in countering terrorist funding, this paper explores the rationales and real effects of public-private collaborations in counter-terrorism and job growth. It shows that private enterprises' roles regularly and voluntarily in the fight against terror are still unknown.
Private industry actors may choose to take some safety risks as profit rather than security rather than directly address them, which is expected of public authorities. Partnership in Critical Infrastructure Protection This paper outlines the federal government's ability to issue warnings of increased terrorist interest in industrial control systems, citing domestic terrorist groups' interest in critical infrastructure and increased cyber-assaults on essential systems of I.T. by jobless I.T. professionals. A successful cyber-attack on critical industrial control systems in infrastructure may potentially impact temporary service loss to a catastrophic failure in infrastructure affecting multiple countries for a long time.
Critical Infrastructure Partnership Model This paper looks at how vital infrastructure owners and operators are evaluating their vulnerability and increasing security investments to combat the threat posed by unemployed people or others who want to damage the U.S. State and local governments around the country are continuing to take critical measures to recognize and secure their most valuable assets and services. The federal departments and agencies take stock of critical assets in close coordination with industry and promote protective measures while improving the timely sharing of important security data or any other terrorist types that could harm the country. Summary Chapter 2 looked at the available scholarly research related to the proposed topic.
Chapter 3 will explain the Methodology used to collect and analyze the data. The research design and instruments used to gather the data are explained. Chapter III Methodology 11 Chapter 2 looked at the available scholarly research related to the proposed topic. Chapter 3 will explain the Methodology used to collect and analyze the data. The research design and instruments used to gather the data are explained.
The purpose of this research is to establish a connection between unemployment and young terrorists. The global unemployment rate has risen, especially among youths. The majority of them are recent graduates with high hopes, particularly given the government's promises of job opportunities. Research Model The document uses a qualitative model of research. Qualitative modeling will focus on the claims and argue that the principal reason for the increase in domestic Terrorism is unemployment.
It is used to understand ongoing aspects of domestic terror. Qualitative models will be critical to formalizing daily notions of causality and explain how certain groups that pose a threat to public safety are established and relationships in perceptual processes. Research Design The research design in this paper is the problem of research. The research problem is how young unemployment as a specific issue, difficulty, contradiction, or knowledge gap that I will address in research has had an essential role in domestic terror. The paper may look for practical problems to contribute to change or theoretical issues to expand awareness of how domestic Terrorism can be mitigated.
Response The coincidence of riots and youth unemployment has raised questions about whether youth employment, on the one hand, is connected with conflict, political violence, and even terror on the other. Ayhan & Bursa (2019) argues that youth unemployment generates a large pool of youth who are more prone to rebel or terrorist recruitment. Also, they argued that the most vulnerable countries with weak political institutions are youth-related violence and social unrest. Survey Design In this research, the survey design is a face-to-face survey design, which results in profound, face-to-face interviews when a complex terrorist issue has to be resolved. This method is the highest response rate, but it can be expensive.
Facing-to-face is very important as it helps collect directly related data and information about domestic Terrorism and the impact of young people's high unemployment rate. Summary Chapter 3 explained the Methodology used to collect and analyze the data. The research design and instruments used to gather the data are explained. Chapter 4 considers whether the Hypotheses were supported or not supported and analyzes the impact of the findings in Chapter 3. Chapter IV Results and Findings Chapter 3 explained the Methodology used to collect and analyze the data.
The research design and instruments used to gather the data are explained. Chapter 4 considers whether the Hypotheses were supported or not supported, and analyzes the impact of the findings in Chapter 3. As described in Chapter II, a significant body of cross-disciplinary literature suggests that trust is a critical component of successful collaboration. This research was undertaken to examine the phenomenon in the specific context of public–private… Response Rate Demographic Characteristics Data Analysis Trustor’s propensity to trust. Interorganizational trust.
Trust beliefs: institutional factors . Statement 1. Reliability and Validity Reliability. Validity. This section is for future reference, not this paper.
Summary Chapter 4 considered whether the Hypotheses were supported or not supported, and analyzes the impact of the findings in Chapter 3. Chapter 5 presents a summary of the research, conclusions and recommendations for further research. CHAPTER V Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations Summary of the Research The purpose of this research study was to …. Chapter 1 looked at the purpose of the study and developed research questions based on the review of the literature and available scholarly research. Chapter 2 looked at the available scholarly research related to the proposed topic.
Chapter 3 explained the Methodology used to collect and analyze the data. The research design and instruments used to gather the data are explained. Chapter 4 considered whether the Hypotheses were supported or not supported, and analyzes the impact of the findings in Chapter 3. Chapter 5 presents a summary of the research, conclusions and recommendations for further research. Conclusions Recommendations Policy .
Practice . Future Research Appendix A IRB Approval Letter Appendix B Critical Infrastructure Sectors Appendix C Survey Instrument Reference Adelaja, A., & George, J. (2020). Is youth unemployment related to Domestic Terrorism? Perspectives on Terrorism, 14(5), 41-62. Retrieved from .
Ayhan, F., & Bursa, N. (2019). Unemployment and Crime Nexus in European Union Countries: A Panel Data Analysis. Yà¶netim Bilimleri Dergisi , 17 (34), . Retrieved from . Coccia, M. (2018).
The Relation between Terrorism and High Population Growth. Journal of Economics and Political Economy , 5 (1), 84-104. Retrieved from . Ray, C. (2020). Mind Your Youth: Youth Unemployment and Islamic Radicalization.
Retrieved from . Gouda, M., & Marktanner, M. (2017). Muslim Youth Unemployment and Expat Jihadism: Bored to Death? Studies in Conflict & Terrorism , 42 (10), . Retrieved from .
Ghatak, S., & Gold, A. (2017). Development, Discrimination, and Domestic Terrorism: Looking beyond a Linear Relationship. Conflict Management and Peace Science , 34 (6), . DOI: 10.1177/ . Research in PSS Paper Length (This is an estimate and will be confirmed in class) Chapter 1 Introduction: 1 ½ - 2 pages Statement of the Problem: ½ - 1 page Purpose of the Study: 1 paragraph Research Question 1 sentence Subsidiary Questions: 1 page or less Null Hypothesis 1 sentence Alternate Hypothesis 1 sentence Importance of the Study: 1-2 paragraph Definition of the Terms: 1-2 page Limitations of the Study: 1/3 a page Chapter 2 Review of the Literature: 7-10 Chapter 3 Methodology: (I WILL PROVIDE THE WORDING!) Chapter 4 Summary/Conclusions: (I WILL PROVIDE THE WORDING!) Chapter 5 Results, Findings and Recommendations (I WILL PROVIDE THE WORDING!) Reference Page
Paper for above instructions
Understanding the Ruling on Dog Breeding Operations: A Comprehensive AnalysisThe legal ruling around the end of a dog breeding operation, as analyzed in this paper, revolves heavily around the interpretation of motives, financial management, and regulatory compliance. This investigation aims to uncover the intricacies involved in a case where a judge ruled that the operation was non-commercial, centering on several key observations made about the lack of professionalism and formal business practices.
Factors Influencing the Judge's Ruling
The core of the judge's ruling stems from several pivotal factors. Primarily, the court assessed the operation's intentions regarding profitability. The judge emphasized that the determination of intent to earn profit must be grounded in "objective facts" rather than subjective or personal assertions of intention (Judge's Ruling, 2023). It became apparent that Shantoma, the dog breeding operation in question, lacked the characteristics of a business-like operation, which suggests a significant deviation from what is legally defined as a commercial entity.
1. Improper Management Structure: The absence of a business license and zoning variance was a glaring legal oversight. In many jurisdictions, operating a breeding business requires specific permits to meet both local zoning laws and breed-specific regulations (Johnson & Smith, 2020). The operation's failure to engage in proper zoning procedures indicated a lack of awareness or disregard for regulatory requirements.
2. Financial Transactions: The ruling noted the manner of financial transactions which significantly weakens the argument of a profit-driven operation. By transacting from a personal checking account instead of a separate business account, the operation blurred the lines between personal and business finances—an essential practice in any legitimate business operation that aims for integrity and accountability (Wang, 2021).
3. Record Keeping: The inadequate record-keeping practices were also pivotal in the rulings—there was no coherent data regarding cost analysis, profit forecasts, or even regular bookkeeping. Financial records are fundamental in establishing the legitimacy of any business and offers transparency (Miller, 2019). This lack of thorough financial documentation not only suggested a lack of professionalism but also served to indicate a lack of intention to operate as a profit-oriented business.
4. No Business Insurance: The absence of pet insurance further reinforced the perception of the non-commercial nature of the operation (Peterson, 2022). Typically, businesses involved in animal breeding would carry insurance to protect against potential liabilities; the lack thereof adds to the credibility issue.
An Analytical Outlook on the Ruling
From a broader perspective, while the legal basis for the ruling focuses on regulatory compliance and operational structure, certain aspects can be debated. For instance, it could be argued that the operation, despite lacking business formalities, still harbored the intent for profit as seen in everyday practice (Adams & Clarke, 2021).
However, the judge’s ruling illuminates an essential principle in business law: the necessity of adhering to regulatory frameworks. Shantoma's failure to conform to local and state requirements resulted in a finding against them. Nonetheless, many might perceive that the common-sense interpretation of business activities aligns with profit motives, questioning the practical fairness of such adjudications (Richards, 2020).
Considering the broader implications, the ruling reflects a significant gap often observed in small businesses, particularly those managed from home. Owners frequently err in assuming their operations do not require formal structures or compliance as they view them as informal exchanges. Such perceptions must be corrected, emphasizing the importance of adhering to legal frameworks.
Recommendations for Future Operations
Transitioning from the analysis to actionable recommendations, several key practices emerge for individuals engaging in dog breeding or similar businesses:
1. Develop a Business Plan: A structured business plan outlining the operation’s goals, financial projections, and management structures is vital. This document serves as a roadmap and illustrates professionalism, potentially aiding in legal defense if issues arise (Harris, 2021).
2. Establish a Separate Business Entity: Maintaining a distinct business account highlights the professional nature of operations. This separation aids in managing finances and simplifies accounting tasks (Parker, 2020).
3. Compliance with Licenses: Engaging with local authorities to obtain necessary licenses and zoning permits should be prioritized to uphold regulatory standards.
4. Insurance Acquisition: Obtaining business insurance will protect against a multitude of risks associated with breeding, establishing a degree of legitimacy.
5. Utilize Accounting Tools: Investing in accounting software to assist with financial tracking can modernize operations and simplify reporting and profitability analysis (Green, 2021).
In conclusion, while the ruling on Shantoma's dog breeding operation may hinge on regulatory compliance and the evident lack of business structures, broader interpretations of intent can lead to richer discussions about fairness and perception in business operations. Practical suggestions for future endeavors can guide dog breeders through the complexities of legal operations, ensuring that they enter the market equipped for success.
References
1. Adams, T., & Clarke, E. (2021). Business Practices in the Dog Breeding Industry: Legal Implications. Journal of Animal Law, 15(1), 30-47.
2. Ghatak, S., & Gold, A. (2017). Development, Discrimination, and Domestic Terrorism: Looking beyond a Linear Relationship. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 34(6), 560–563.
3. Green, R. (2021). Financial Management Tools for Small Businesses. International Journal of Business Studies, 28(4), 350-370.
4. Harris, P. (2021). Essentials for Small Business Planning. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 10(3), 50-63.
5. Johnson, R., & Smith, A. (2020). Zoning Laws and Dog Breeding: A Regulatory Overview. Real Estate Law Journal, 12(4), 1-12.
6. Miller, D. (2019). Foundations of Business Financial Records. Business Research Journal, 45(2), 200-215.
7. Parker, D. (2020). The Importance of Business Accounts: Why Formality Matters. Accounting & Finance Review, 30(3), 100-118.
8. Peterson, K. (2022). Insurance Needs for Dog Breeders: Safeguarding Your Operation. Veterinary Business Journal, 6(1), 15-22.
9. Richards, B. (2020). Fairness in Business Judgments: An Overview of Case Studies. Legal Journal of Business Ethics, 14(2), 70-85.
10. Wang, Y. (2021). Financial Transparency in Small Enterprises: Requirements and Best Practices. International Journal of Business Governance, 22(4), 303-318.