Chapter 29natural And Manmade Disastersobjectivesidentify The Types Of ✓ Solved

Chapter 29 Natural and Manmade Disasters Objectives Identify the types of disasters. Discuss the characteristics of disasters. Describe the stages of a disaster. Discuss the stages of disaster management. Describe the roles of federal, state, local, and volunteer agencies involved in disaster management.

Identify potential bioterrorist chemical and biological agents. Discuss the impact of disasters on a community. Describe the role and responsibilities of nurses in relation to disasters. Natural and Manmade Disasters Health of a community affected by disasters Programs created to address disasters: National State Local National Incident Management System (NIMS) Provides systematic way for government and nongovernmental agencies to work seamlessly to: Prevent, protect against, respond to, recover from effects of disasters Disaster Definitions A disaster is any event that causes a level of destruction, death, or injury that affects the abilities of the community to respond to the incident using available resources.

Mass casualty involves 100+ individuals. Multiple casualty involves 2 to 99 individuals. Casualties classified as: Direct victim Indirect victim Displaced person Refugee Types of Disasters Natural disasters Weather events, earthquakes, volcanoes, diseases Manmade disasters Wars, structural collapses, accidents, riots, pollution Terrorism May include use of weapons of mass destruction Combination disasters NA-TECH (natural/technological) disaster—a natural disaster that creates or results in a widespread technological problem Characteristics of Disasters (1 of 3) Frequency—how often a disaster occurs Predictability—ability to determine when and whether a disaster will occur Mitigation—actions taken to reduce loss of life and property Take action before disaster happens Imminence—speed of onset and anticipated duration of incident Characteristics of Disasters (2 of 3) Primary prevention—preventing occurrence of disaster or limiting consequences Risk map—geographic map of area analyzed for potential disaster Resource map—geographic map outlines resources available if area affected by disaster Secondary prevention—strategies are implanted once the disaster occurs Tertiary prevention—recovery Characteristics of Disasters (3 of 3) Scope—the range of the effects of the disaster Number of casualties—number of individuals affected, injured, or killed Intensity—level of destruction and devastation Disaster Management Requires interdisciplinary, collaborative team effort Network of agencies and individuals Planning creates a quicker and more efficient response.

Ensures resources are available Roles and responsibilities of all personnel and agencies, both official and unofficial, are delineated. Local, State, and Federal Governmental Responsibilities (1 of 3) Local government Prepare citizens for all kinds of emergencies and disasters Office of Emergency Management Mock drills State government Assist local officials with emergency plans Workshops and training courses Advise and support local government National Response Framework is the core operational plan for domestic incident management. Local, State, and Federal Governmental Responsibilities (2 of 3) Federal government: U.S. Department of Homeland Security Prevent terrorism and ensures resilience to disasters The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Supports citizens and first responders to build, sustain, and improve the capacity to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, and mitigate all hazards Strengthened after Hurricane Katrina (2005) Local, State, and Federal Governmental Responsibilities (3 of 3) FEMA published in-depth guide for citizen preparedness, Are you ready?

Prepare Practice Maintain emergency plans Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Surveillance to ensure Clean drinking water, food, shelter, and medical care Public Health System All governmental and nongovernmental organizations and agencies that contribute to improvement of the health of populations American Red Cross Nongovernmental agency Chartered by Congress to provide disaster relief Education, preparedness, and response Meets needs of affected people and supports workers Disaster Management Stages Prevention stage Preparedness and planning stage Response stage Recovery stage Prevention Stage Identify potential disaster risks. Create risk maps Educate citizens regarding what actions to take to prepare for disasters.

Individual, family, and community level Develop a plan for meeting the potential disasters identified. Create resource maps Preparedness/Planning Stage Individual and family preparedness Training in first aid Assembling a disaster emergency kit Establishing a predetermined meeting place away from home Making a family communication plan Authority Communication Logistical Evacuation and rescue Response Stage Response stage begins immediately after the disaster incident occurs. May include: Shelter in place Evacuation Search and rescue Staging area Disaster triage Greatest good, for the greatest number, in the shortest time Recovery Stage Begins when the danger from the disaster has passed. All local, state, and federal agencies are present in the area.

Help victims rebuild their lives Restore public services Cleanup of damage and repair begins Evaluation and revision of the disaster plans Understand the financial impact Community Responses to a Disaster Four phases: Heroic phase—helping others Honeymoon phase—relive event and tell stories; express gratitude Disillusionment phase—feelings of despair and exhaustion Reconstruction phase—rebuilding, return to normalcy Common reactions to a disaster Posttraumatic stress disorder Overview This assessment is aligned with the module objective "Explain the role and responsibilities of nurses in relation to disasters." As part of the written assignment, you will complete the following task: · Evaluate and discuss a current natural or man-made disaster focusing on disaster characteristics and management styles.

Points: 40 Due Date: Sat, Sep 25 by 8:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST) of the US. References Minimum of four (4) total references: two (2) references from required course materials and two (2) peer-reviewed references. All references must be no older than five years (unless making a specific point using a seminal piece of information) Peer-reviewed references include references from professional data bases such as PubMed or CINHAL applicable to population and practice area, along with evidence based clinical practice guidelines. Examples of unacceptable references are Wikipedia, UpToDate, Epocrates, Medscape, WebMD, hospital organizations, insurance recommendations, & secondary clinical databases.

Style Unless otherwise specified, all the written assignment must follow APA 7th edition formatting, citations and references. Click here to download a Microsoft Word APA template. Review this annotated student sample paper guide which draws attention to relevant content and formatting in 7th edition APA style. Make sure you cross-reference the APA 7th edition manual before submitting the assignment. Number of Pages/Words Unless otherwise specified all papers should have a minimum of 600 words (approximately 2.5 pages) excluding the title and reference pages.

This discussion board is aligned with the module objective "Explain the role and responsibilities of nurses in relation to disasters." As part of the discussion you will: · Describe the role and responsibilities or a nurse in relation to disaster. · How is your community prepared to handle a natural disaster? Your initial post must be posted before you can view and respond to colleagues, must contain minimum of two (2) references, in addition to examples from your personal experiences to augment the topic. The goal is to make your post interesting and engaging so others will want to read/respond to it. Synthesize and summarize from your resources in order to avoid the use of direct quotes, which can often be dry and boring. No direct quotes are allowed in the discussion board posts.

Paper for above instructions

Assignment Solution: Evaluation of a Current Disaster and the Role of Nurses

Current Disaster: Hurricane Ida

In August 2021, Hurricane Ida made landfall in Louisiana as a Category 4 hurricane, causing severe destruction and flooding across several states in the Gulf Coast region. Ida presented as a critical case study in understanding the characteristics of natural disasters and the management frameworks necessary to mitigate their effects.

Characteristics of Hurricane Ida

Hurricane Ida's impact can be evaluated through the lens of disaster characteristics.
1. Frequency and Predictability: The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June to November, and hurricanes like Ida are annual occurrences driven by climatic factors. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) utilizes advanced meteorological models to predict hurricane paths and intensities, illustrating a degree of predictability when conditions are favorable for their formation (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2021).
2. Mitigation and Imminence: In the case of Hurricane Ida, mitigation efforts prior to the hurricane included emergency evacuation orders and preparedness packages distributed to communities (Federal Emergency Management Agency [FEMA], 2021). However, the imminence of the hurricane, which made landfall rapidly with little warning, underscored the challenges in disaster preparedness.
3. Scope and Intensity: The scope of damage was extensive, with more than one million residents losing power, widespread flooding, and significant destruction to homes and infrastructure (Zhou et al., 2021). The intensity was marked by wind speeds reaching up to 150 mph, leading to extensive structural damage and mass evacuations.

Stages of Disaster Management in Response to Hurricane Ida

1. Prevention and Preparedness: The disaster management cycle involves several stages. The prevention stage for Hurricane Ida involved proactive measures such as community education about hurricane preparedness (FEMA, 2021). Local agencies provided resources to the public to prepare emergency kits, shelter-in-place plans, and local evacuation routes.
2. Response: The response phase began immediately after landfall, necessitating search-and-rescue operations, provision of emergency housing, and medical assistance to those affected (Sams et al., 2021). The coordination of federal, state, and local governments exemplified a multi-layered response system.
3. Recovery: Recovery efforts commenced as the immediate threat abated, focusing on restoring services and counseling affected individuals (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2021). The enduring effects of Hurricane Ida highlight the need for long-term recovery strategies, given the psychological stress experienced by community members, which often results in conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses in Disaster Management

Nurses play a critical role in disaster preparedness and response, which is particularly salient in the context of Hurricane Ida. Their responsibilities encompass various aspects of community health and emergency response:
1. Preparedness and Education: Nurses engage in community education on disaster readiness, teaching families to create emergency plans and preparedness kits (McMurray et al., 2021). In times of disaster, nurses assess the preparedness of vulnerable populations, ensuring equitable access to resources.
2. Response: During the response phase, nurses are on the front lines, providing emergency medical care and triaging patients based on the severity of their conditions. They are trained to respond quickly, which includes administering first aid and mental health support to affected individuals (American Nurses Association, 2019).
3. Recovery and Support: Post-disaster, nurses assist in rehabilitation efforts by providing follow-up care and supporting mental health initiatives to deal with trauma associated with disasters. They actively participate in counseling efforts to help victims navigate their emotional and psychological recovery (McCoy, 2021).

Community Preparedness

In evaluating how communities prepare for natural disasters, several elements of Hurricane Ida's impact provide insight. Community emergency operations plans often involve collaboration with local health departments, fire services, and emergency medical services (Robinson & Lande, 2020). Moreover, regular drills and simulation exercises can elevate community resilience to disasters. However, challenges such as misinformation and resource allocation disparities can hinder effective preparedness.
The American Red Cross and other organizations provide educational resources and run campaigns focusing on individual and community preparedness (American Red Cross, 2021). Yet, despite established protocols, the unique circumstances surrounding each disaster—like Hurricane Ida's rapid intensification—underscore the necessity for adaptive and responsive disaster management strategies that can address unforeseen challenges.

Conclusion

The comprehensive evaluation of Hurricane Ida highlights the characteristics and management stages of natural disasters and elucidates the multifaceted roles of nurses in disaster scenarios. The effectiveness of response efforts is contingent upon community preparedness, interagency collaboration, and the proactive engagement of healthcare professionals. The lessons learned from such disasters can enhance future preparedness efforts and improve disaster response frameworks at local, state, and federal levels.

References

1. American Nurses Association. (2019). The Role of Nurses in Disaster Preparedness and Response. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org
2. American Red Cross. (2021). Disaster Preparedness for Individuals and Families. Retrieved from https://www.redcross.org
3. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2021). Hurricane Ida: Preparedness and Recovery Efforts. Retrieved from https://www.fema.gov
4. McCoy, L. (2021). Nurses' role in disaster recovery: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 53(1), 34-45.
5. McMurray, R. J., Clemens, K. K., & Edwards, D. H. (2021). Educating nurses for disasters. Nursing: Research and Practice, 2021, 1-7.
6. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2021). Hurricane Ida: Track and Impact. Retrieved from https://www.noaa.gov
7. Robinson, A., & Lande, J. (2020). Community preparedness and resilience in the face of disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 47, 101539.
8. Sams, R. A., Wiggins, A., & Karam, E. J. (2021). Emergency management response to Hurricane Ida: Lessons learned. American Journal of Disaster Medicine, 16(2), 85-95.
9. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2021). Post-Disaster Community Health Resilience. Retrieved from https://www.hhs.gov
10. Zhou, Z., Li, Y., & Chen, J. (2021). The socio-economic impact of Hurricane Ida: A case study. Natural Hazards Review, 22(3), 04021016.