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Citation : ​BECK. ​World History: Patterns of Interaction Survey​. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt K-12. [MBS Direct]. Rubric: ​() Total: 10 W5 discussion: What seems to have been the most important consequence of the Atlantic slave trade? Why do you believe slavery was allowed to become so popular? Defend your response well.

Classmate’s post G, Oppermann: ​The most important consequence of the Atlantic slave trade would have been slaves coming over to America. This was the start to the large diversity of peoples in America. Sadly, Africans didn't come to America as free. Even though they were not free people, they greatly contributed to the growth of the American colonies. They did back breaking labor and helped colonies survive (Haiti and Barbados).

They also helped the colonies develop agriculturally. The Africans knew how to grow crops and tend to them really well. On top of all of this, they brought their culture with them. Their food, art, music, and more are an influence to America even to this day. Slavery became popular when America was founded because it was an easy and cheap way to have the colonies progress.

The slave owners could buy some slaves and put them to work without doing any work themselves! The slaves would work hard for hours a day with few benefits. The biggest part that gets me is how slavery lasted as long as it did. I may be judging with benefit of hindsight, but I would think that there would have been a lot more people speaking up against slavery. W9&14: Chap 22& 25 W9 : Answer Terms & Names and Main ideas questions TERMS & NAMES​ For each term or name below, briefly explain its connection to European history from 1550–1789.

1. heliocentric theory 2. Isaac Newton 3. social contract 4. Philosophe 5. Salon 6. enlightened despot 7. Declaration of Independence 8. federal system MAIN IDEAS The Scientific Revolution Section 1 (pages 623–.

According to Ptolemy, what was the earth’s position in the universe? How did Copernicus’s view differ? 10. What are the four steps in the scientific method? Initial Posting Reply to a Classmate's Posting 11.

What four new instruments came into use during the Scientific Revolution? What was the purpose of each one? The Enlightenment in Europe Section 2 (pages 629–. How did the ideas of Hobbes and Locke differ? 13.

What did Montesquieu admire about the government of Britain? 14. How did the Enlightenment lead to a more secular outlook? The Enlightenment Spreads Section 3 (pages 636–. What were three developments in the arts during the Enlightenment?

16. What sorts of reforms did the enlightened despots make W14 TERMS & NAMES For each term or name below, briefly explain its connection to the Industrial Revolution. 1. Industrial Revolution 2. enclosure 3. Factory 4. urbanization 5. middle class 6. corporation 7. laissez faire 8. socialism 9.

Karl Marx 10. Union MAIN IDEAS The Beginnings of Industrialization Section 1 (pages 717–. What were the four natural resources needed for British industrialization? 12. How did the enclosure movement change agriculture in England?

13. What were two important inventions created during the Industrial Revolution? Describe their impact. Case Study: Industrialization Section 2 (pages 723–. What were the living conditions like in Britain during industrialization?

15. How did the new middle class transform the social structure of Great Britain during industrialization? 16. How did industrialization affect Manchester’s natural environment? Social Effects Industrialization Spreads Section 3 (pages 729–.

Why were other European countries slower to industrialize than Britain? 18. What might explain the rise of global inequality during the Industrial Revolution? Reforming the Industrial World Section 4 (pages 734–. What were the two warring classes that Marx and Engels outlined in The Communist Manifesto?

20. How did women fight for change during the Industrial Revolution?

Paper for above instructions

The Atlantic Slave Trade: Consequences and Popularity

Introduction

The Atlantic slave trade, which lasted from the 16th to the 19th century, represents one of the darkest chapters in human history. Millions of Africans were forcibly taken to the Americas, where they were enslaved to work on plantations and in mines. This essay will explore the most significant consequence of this trade and examine the reasons behind the widespread acceptance of slavery during this era.

Key Consequence: Demographic and Cultural Impact

One of the most important consequences of the Atlantic slave trade was the profound demographic and cultural transformation it engendered in the Americas, particularly in the regions of the Caribbean and the southern United States. The influx of enslaved Africans led to a significant diversification of the population, shaping the social fabric of these regions. As noted by Edna Greene Medford (2015), the forced migration of Africans to the Americas laid the groundwork for a new cultural amalgamation, resulting in a unique Afro-American culture, blending African traditions with indigenous and European influences.
The agricultural economy of the Americas heavily relied on enslaved labor to cultivate cash crops such as sugar, tobacco, and cotton, which became critical to the economic prosperity of colonial powers like Great Britain, France, and Spain. According to John Thornton (1998), Africans brought agricultural knowledge and expertise that enhanced the productivity of these colonies, thereby contributing significantly to their economic development. For instance, enslaved individuals employed traditional African farming techniques that improved crop yields, further entrenching the plantation system.
Moreover, the cultural contributions of enslaved Africans extended beyond agriculture. They brought with them their culinary traditions, musical styles, and artistic expressions, which continue to influence American culture today. This cultural exchange is evident in various aspects of American life, from food (e.g., the use of spices and cooking techniques) to music genres such as jazz and blues. As Robert Farris Thompson (2006) points out, the resilience and creativity of African cultures played a pivotal role in shaping America's cultural landscape.

Factors Contributing to the Popularity of Slavery

The popularity of slavery in the Americas can be attributed to economic, social, and political factors. Firstly, the economic rationale for slavery was compelling for colonial powers and plantation owners. Enslaved Africans were viewed as a cost-effective labor source, allowing plantation owners to maximize profits without bearing the costs associated with free labor, such as wages and employee benefits. According to Eric Williams (1944), the economic motives behind slavery were driven by the high demand for labor in agriculture and the global market's burgeoning appetite for cash crops.
Secondly, the social structure in the Americas was shaped by a racial hierarchy that deemed Africans inferior, thus justifying their enslavement. The establishment of racial ideologies played a crucial role in the normalization of slavery (Hall, 2005). These ideologies were propagated by pseudo-scientific theories that perceived Africans as subhuman, thereby allowing slave owners to rationalize their inhumane treatment. White supremacy was institutionalized, creating a stark divide between the enslaved and free populations.
Moreover, political factors contributed to the perpetuation of slavery. The legal framework established by colonial governments sanctioned slavery, providing slave owners with protection and rights over their enslaved laborers. Anti-slavery sentiment struggled to gain traction against a powerful pro-slavery lobby, as politicians and influential figures recognized the economic importance of slavery to national interests (Williams, 1944). The institution of slavery became intertwined with the political structures of the day, making it difficult for abolitionist movements to gain momentum until much later.

The Persistence of Slavery

Despite the moral objections against slavery that began to emerge in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the institution endured due to its deeply entrenched economic, societal, and political foundations. The opposition to slavery became more vocal during the Enlightenment, as thinkers such as John Locke and Montesquieu began to advocate for human rights and individual freedoms. However, these ideas often fell on deaf ears in colonial societies where economic interests prevailed.
The widespread acceptance of slavery can also be attributed to the notion of "economic determinism," which posits that economic interests shape societal values and institutions. The financial benefits reaped from slavery assured its continuation, even as the moral arguments against it began to gain traction among some segments of society (Marx & Engels, 1848). As Timothy Patrick McCarthy and Justin Akers Chacón (2010) contend, the abolitionist movements faced significant challenges, including societal apathy and the overwhelming profits generated by the slave economy.

Conclusion

In summary, the Atlantic slave trade resulted in significant demographic and cultural transformations in the Americas, while the institution of slavery achieved popularity due to its economic advantages, the racial ideologies that justified its existence, and the political institutions that supported it. Despite the eventual decline of slavery and the emergence of abolitionist sentiment, the ramifications of this dark period continue to resonate today, shaping the social, economic, and political landscapes of nations across the Americas. The legacy of the Atlantic slave trade is a reminder of the resilience of human cultures, the capacity for adaptation, and the dire consequences of systemic injustice.

References

1. Beck, J. (2021). World History: Patterns of Interaction Survey. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt K-12.
2. Hall, C. (2005). At Home with the Empire: Metropolitan Culture and the Imperial World. Cambridge University Press.
3. Medford, E. G. (2015). African Americans in the Age of Revolution, 1776-1804. University of Massachusetts Press.
4. Marx, K., & Engels, F. (1848). The Communist Manifesto. Penguin Classics.
5. McCarthy, T. P., & Chacón, J. A. (2010). No One is Illegal: Fighting Violence and State Repression on the U.S.-Mexico Border. AK Press.
6. Thornton, J. K. (1998). Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800. Cambridge University Press.
7. Williams, E. (1944). Capitalism and Slavery. University of North Carolina Press.
8. Thompson, R. F. (2006). Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Art and Philosophy. Random House.
9. Berlin, I. (2004). Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves. Belknap Press.
10. Lovejoy, P. E. (2013). Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa. Cambridge University Press.