Course Codecourse Namebrm221 Research Method Iicoursename Researc ✓ Solved
COURSE CODE COURSE NAME: BRM221 Research Method II Course name : Research Method II Professor : Marc Ribot Student name : Dorsan Masure Student Number: 7181 Program : Digital Business Date of submission: 21 /03/2021 Year : Assignment/ Case (e.g. name or/and assignment’s number): Midterm evaluation Academic Year Term / Semester: fall DECLARATION BY STUDENT I hereby undersign that the work submitted is my own effort. I certify that all material in this Dissertation, which is not my own work, has been identified and acknowledged. No materials are included for which a degree has been previously conferred upon me. Signature (Student): _____________________________ ( Key Factors for the Success of Western Europe Dorsan Paul Masure March 21, 2021 ) ( EU Business School Research Method II ) Contents Key Factors for the Success of Western Europe 2 Research approach 2 Research methods to use 3 Types of data 4 Research hypothesis 5 References 6 Key Factors for the Success of Western Europe As matter of fact, it was Western Europe that has the most advanced civilization as compared to America and Africa.
Western Europe constitutes about 8% of the earth's landmass. Between the 14th century and the 19th century, Europe had already colonized 80% of the entire continent. The success of Western Europe does not result from the inherent European cultural superiority. Through the political fragmentation, there was productive competition in the Western European countries. The rulers in this region valued competition and always wished for productive intellectuals and artisans to work in the industries (Colantone & Stanig, 2019).
Therefore, industrialization and civilization played a key role in the success of Western Europe. This paper provides the methodology to be used in this research paper. Research approach This is a descriptive study because it tries to identify the characteristics of a problem by describing it. For instance, this research looks at the key factor that led to the success of Western Europe. Such a subject matter cannot be described entirely in the details.
Therefore, it requires a researcher to select facts that will occur. Descriptive research approaches answer research questions of what, when, and where but not why. More so, the facts, in this case, require the researcher to gather them according to pre-determined criteria as well as demonstrating the relationships of interest. Descriptive studies provide a generalized understanding of a problem, which can also help understand other specific problems. For instance, for this descriptive study, the research intends to illustrate how Western Europe was successful compared to other parts of Europe by exploring the factors for the success (Lans and van der Voordt, 2021).
Research methods to use Even though the qualitative research method can be used in descriptive research approaches, quantitative methodologies are essential. Therefore, a careful research design should be done to ensure that the results provided are valid and reliable. In this case, the research will explore the factors that led to Western Europe's success. That implies that the quantitative methodology to be used will be case studies. Case studies describe the characteristics of specific subjects like groups, people, events, or organizations.
Moreover, case studies do not gather large volumes of data to identify patterns across time or location; instead, they are used to gather detailed data essential in identifying characteristics of a narrowly defined subject (Nayak & Singh, 2021). Case studies are essential in descriptive research approaches because they do not describe generalized facts but focus on unusual and interesting cases aimed at challenging assumptions, adding complexity, or disclosing something new about the research topic. Therefore, in this case, I employ various case studies about Western Europe's success that aims at challenging the common assumption of industrialization and colonization. This will provide new information about the topic and add to the complexity of the Success issue in Western Europe.
Types of data Research studies can use primary or secondary data. Today, data is becoming more accessible to researchers across the world. However, the practicality of employing secondary data in research is becoming prevalent in the current world of research. Secondary data are essential, but most of them entail questionable authenticity as compared to primary data. There are two types of data; primary and secondary data.
Primary data is collected directly from the available sources of data. This kind of data is authentic, reliable, and objective. Due to the high cost of implementing the primary data process, many researchers do not collect data. This study requires using some of the available and existing primary data sources such as surveys, observation, case studies, and questionnaires. Secondary data refers to data collected in the past by someone but made available in archives and other data resources for other people to use.
Secondary data were once primary data; however, they can be regarded as secondary data when used by a third party. Secondary data is easily available and accessible to researchers and individuals because many people share them in public spaces. Caution should be taken when using this type of data because they are general and tailored according to the researcher's needs. For this study, secondary data will be available in libraries, published books, and journal articles, which elaborate more about the factors that led to Western Europe's success. Research hypothesis Western Europe succeeded because of three key factors, including civilization, industrialization, and embracing technology.
Variable: civilization, industrialization, and embracing technology led to the success of Western Europe. References Colantone, I., & Stanig, P. (2019). The surge of economic nationalism in Western Europe. Journal of Economic Perspectives , 33 (4), 128-51. Lans, W. and van der Voordt, D., 2021.
Descriptive research . [online] Available at: < Nayak, J. K., & Singh, P. (2021). Fundamentals of Research Methodology Problems and Prospects . SSDN Publishers & Distributors. 2 Reflective essay Communication in the workplace is important for every good reason.
Throughout the course, I have learned many concepts through the many assignments that I have completed refereeing to different audiences. Professional business environments require one to have a clear understanding after reading a memo or email asking for a promotion. Business writing is different from the normal writing such as writing a college essay or email. Business professionals address themselves to many people within and outside their organizations for instance employers, supervisors, staff members, and other departments. After college one has to prepare to transition into a professional environment.
Therefore, the knowledge skills gained in this course are essential in ensuring that we suit our professional needs out there. Ethical communication is the standard way of communication within a company or employment setting.it includes honesty, transparency, democracy and respectful transfer of information. Therefore, business people should analyze their situations and make appropriate decisions and business plans. Verbal and non-verbal communication are interconnected and they define a person’s behavior and choices. Nonverbal communication reinforces verbal communication through the use of physical actions or gestures to attach meaning to a sentence.
It includes the use of accents, compliments to regulate verbal communication. Positive gestures enhance business communication. Resumes and employment letters are a part of written communication. It I essential for effective communication if a person would like to show their skills. They act as material for the development of the human resource during the hiring process.
They have since replaced verbal communication through the use of words. Academic document writing requires one to understand the needs and requirements of the audience. Any writing must serve a particular purpose and deliver the required message using the required information. Through reflective essays, we are taught to gain understanding of the skills gained in class and our own thinking. It is important to use self-reflection in business environments.
The top management often conduct self-reflection tests for example CEOs, doctors and managerial persons. The topic also emphasizes on the importance of intercultural communication. Globalization has made it easier for people to travel across the world. Traveling and engaging with people requires one to understand different cultures. The interaction with different people requires skills in intercultural communication without being judgmental.
Teams or groups work efficiently within an organization because of workgroup development. It involves training employees as per the stages of learning to develop work group skills or teamwork. The teams work together to achieve a goal of the organization or solve and plan a project together. Interpersonal communication with other is essential and requires the application of different skills that make your communication effective. They could be passive, aggressive and assertive.
They affect communication either positively or negatively depending on how an individual may present themselves. Workgroup development, verbal and non-verbal communication are important factors for most career choices. The fulfilment of an individual’s future aspirations requires the development of communicative ability to develop their skills and knowledge. Through verbal communication, one can convince people, interpret ideas and enhance their business relations. Positive teamwork is beneficial for organizations to achieve their goals.
Therefore, effective communication plays an important tool in ensuring that organizations remain successful. The different forms of communication apply to different situations requiring a specific approach. One must know which type of communication to apply to a particular situation. Great communication enhances teamwork and overall output in an organization. Dissertation Proposal Form I.
Research Question or Hypothesis: State clearly what your research interest is. Define your research question/hypothesis and the main objectives of your research ( 100 words ). PASTE HERE YOUR RESEARCH QUESTION / HYPOTHESIS II. Review of Literature/Background : Make a synthesis of the contributions made in your research field by accredited scholars. Describe how your intended research will complement and expand on the current literature, and what contributions you intend to make to the existing knowledge ( 500 words ).
PASTE HERE YOUR LITERATURE REVIEW III. Research Methodology : Clearly indicate the methods and techniques which you are planning to use to gather information and investigate the identified problem. PASTE HERE YOUR RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IV. Selected Bibliography: Please indicate a representative list of the main bibliographical sources you intend to utilize for your dissertation (no more than 20). Please provide full citations.
Paper for above instructions
Key Factors for the Success of Western Europe: A Research Proposal
Research Question / Hypothesis
The main research question guiding this proposal is: "What are the key factors that contributed to the historical success of Western Europe, particularly in terms of political, economic, and social development?" The research hypothesizes that three major factors - political fragmentation leading to competition, the process of industrialization, and the adoption of technological advancements - played a crucial role in Western Europe's success compared to other regions.
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Literature Review / Background
The historical success of Western Europe has been a subject of extensive academic inquiry, with scholars examining various facets of its political, socio-economic, and cultural landscape that propelled this region to prominence. Notably, one of the fundamental theories explaining Western Europe's success is the theory of competitive advantage rooted in political fragmentation. Colantone and Stanig (2019) argue that the political decentralization of Western European states led to fierce competition among them, fostering innovation and economic dynamism. Unlike more centralized regions, the competition in Western Europe incentivized rulers to create favorable conditions for entrepreneurship and skilled labor, facilitating substantial developmental strides.
Industrialization is another core aspect of Western Europe's ascendance. As argued by North, Wallis, and Weingast (2009), the Industrial Revolution marked a critical turning point that enabled Western Europe to leverage its resources more effectively, leading to rapid economic growth and increased productivity. The processes of urbanization and mechanization transformed labor patterns and created opportunities for the working class, bolstering the economic framework of the region.
Furthermore, embracing technology emerged as a defining characteristic of Western Europe's evolution. The adoption and integration of new technologies facilitated not merely industries but also improved communication, infrastructure, and transportation systems, thereby accelerating economic connectivity and globalization (Crafts, 2004). Fagerberg (2005) postulates that technological advancements were not just circumstantial; instead, they were part of a broader cultural and intellectual context that encouraged innovation and knowledge dissemination.
Additionally, the historical context of Western Europe's colonial endeavors played a significant role in its success. As examined by Stiglitz (2002), the wealth acquired from colonies allowed Western European nations to invest back into their economies, leading to an impressive accumulation of capital that spurred further developments. However, it is crucial to note that this success came at a profound ethical cost, as colonization often resulted in exploitation and oppression in the colonized regions.
Despite the robust analysis provided by existing scholarship, there remains a gap regarding how these factors interact with each other to produce a unique set of outcomes in Western Europe compared to other regions, such as Eastern Europe, Africa, and the Americas. This research intends to build upon the existing literature by providing an integrative framework that elucidates the interplay between political fragmentation, industrialization, and technological adoption, thereby contributing to a comprehensive understanding of Western Europe’s historical trajectory.
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Research Methodology
For this research, a mixed-methods approach will be employed to gather comprehensive data and insights. The descriptive research design will primarily be utilized, categorizing essential success factors that have been historically recognized while allowing for a detailed examination of their interrelations.
Quantitative Component
Quantitative methodologies will be implemented through analysis of historical data on economic performance and technological advancements in Western Europe. Statistical case studies will be utilized to illustrate historical trends, particularly focusing on periods of significant industrial growth and technological innovation. Economic indicators such as GDP growth, productivity rates, and demographic shifts will be examined to understand the overarching impact of the identified factors on the economic success of Western Europe.
Qualitative Component
Qualitative methods will include a review of historical texts, documents, and academic articles addressing political conditions, social dynamics, and economic policies in Western Europe. Interviews with historians and experts in European studies will supplement the literature review, seeking to gain nuanced insights into the interpretive frameworks historians and scholars use in analyzing Western Europe’s success.
This approach aims to provide a holistic understanding of the success factors while emphasizing the historical context, enabling the research to draw more profound conclusions regarding the interplay between the elements being investigated.
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Selected Bibliography
1. Colantone, I., & Stanig, P. (2019). The surge of economic nationalism in Western Europe. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(4), 128-51.
2. Crafts, N. (2004). The growth of the British economy, 1830-1914: A review of the evidence. Economic History Review, 57(3), 557-579.
3. Fagerberg, J. (2005). Innovation: A guide to the literature. In J. Fagerberg, D. Mowery, & R. R. Nelson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of innovation. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
4. North, D. C., Wallis, J. J., & Weingast, B. R. (2009). Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History. Cambridge University Press.
5. Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). Globalization and Its Discontents. W. W. Norton & Company.
6. Landes, D. (1998). The Wealth and Poverty of Nations: Why Some Are So Rich and Some So Poor. W. W. Norton & Company.
7. Rosenberg, N., & Trajtenberg, M. (2004). A General Purpose Technology at Work: The Corning Glass Works Case. The Economic Journal, 114(495), 981-1005.
8. Mokyr, J. (1990). The Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress. Oxford University Press.
9. Goldstone, J. A. (2002). Demography, Environment, and Security. Security Studies, 11(2), 1-50.
10. Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2012). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Crown Business.
In total, this research proposal delineates a systematic approach to understanding the multifaceted factors that contributed to the historical success of Western Europe. By leveraging both quantitative and qualitative methodologies and synthesizing current literature, the research aims to expand on existing knowledge and uncover new insights into this prominent historical phenomenon.