Diabetes in Hispanic Women Highbridge/Concourse Community Statistical Data There are approximately155,835 people living in this community, of which 65% are Latino, 31% are black, 2% are Asian, 1% is white and 1% are of some other ethnicity group. The community is inhabited by 29% of young adults in the age range of 25-44, 27% of the residents are in the age group of 0-17 and 23% are in the age range of 45-64 The denial of resources and opportunities has contributed to the current disparities seen in the health outcomes in the Highbridge and Concourse community. Over % of patients in withing the New York have diabetes 17 % of patients within the Highbridge/Concourse Community have diabetes compared to 3% in the Financial District/Greenwich village area of NYC (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018).

Determinants to Health Access to Healthy Food- 1 supermarket to 18 bodegas in this community, numerous fast-food restaurants Education-. In a study of a diverse group in a southern community, diabetes incidence tended to decline as both education and income levels rose (Conway, 2018). Language Barrier- ), 42% of the individuals in this community were born outside of the United States and 35% have limited proficiency in English. Income level - % of families in this neighborhood live in poverty . According to NYC Department of Public Health (2018), 32% of people in the community live in poverty compared to 20% in NYC and unemployment rate is 13% in this area Access to healthcare- uninsured, childcare issues, affordability, transportation, inflexible work schedule Gaps in healthcare Culturally competent Intervention: Use of Technology to control gylcemic levels in Hispanics One evidence-based, culturally competent behavior change that would promote health for the Hispanic population with type 2 DM in this community is the use of technology.

Studies found that Latinos can effectively use technology tools to improve health behaviors such as physical activity (Rosas et al., 2018). Apps such as MyFitnessPal and Fitbit activity tracker were useful among middle-aged Latinos. As noted by Ashrafzadeh & Hamdy (2019), smartphone application incorporating blood glucose readings transmitted from patients' glucometers, manual dietary tracking, exercise tracking by a fitness tracker, diabetes education, and capacity to communicate with healthcare providers resulted in HbA1c reduction by 0.6% in 12 weeks of intervention. These findings suggest that technology can improve patient self-management in diabetes control and enhance the delivery of care in prediabetic and diabetic patients Culturally Competent Intervention: Dietary change Most of the foods are high in fats and calories, family celebrations may involve pressure to overeat and turning down food can be viewed as impolite (CDC,2019).

Some view overweight as being healthy Culturally competent Intervention: Diabetic Education Educational material for the people in this community need to reflect their culture, diverse languages, food preferences and educational level. Recommendations given to improve health should consider the income level of the community. Community Resources Lifestyle medication program Diabetic Education Class the Bronx Health REACH/ Institute for Urban Family Health- coalition that help individuals within the Bronx neighborhoods to change their knowledge attitudes and behaviors about health and healthy lifestyle Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center 6 Elements of Fitness- family gym in the south Bronx Farmers Markets and

Diabetes In Hispanic Womenhighbridgeconcourse Communitystatistical Da

Diabetes in Hispanic Women Highbridge/Concourse Community Statistical Data There are approximately155,835 people living in this community, of which 65% are Latino, 31% are black, 2% are Asian, 1% is white and 1% are of some other ethnicity group. The community is inhabited by 29% of young adults in the age range of 25-44, 27% of the residents are in the age group of 0-17 and 23% are in the age range of 45-64 The denial of resources and opportunities has contributed to the current disparities seen in the health outcomes in the Highbridge and Concourse community. Over % of patients in withing the New York have diabetes 17 % of patients within the Highbridge/Concourse Community have diabetes compared to 3% in the Financial District/Greenwich village area of NYC (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018).

Determinants to Health Access to Healthy Food- 1 supermarket to 18 bodegas in this community, numerous fast-food restaurants Education-. In a study of a diverse group in a southern community, diabetes incidence tended to decline as both education and income levels rose (Conway, 2018). Language Barrier- ), 42% of the individuals in this community were born outside of the United States and 35% have limited proficiency in English. Income level - % of families in this neighborhood live in poverty . According to NYC Department of Public Health (2018), 32% of people in the community live in poverty compared to 20% in NYC and unemployment rate is 13% in this area Access to healthcare- uninsured, childcare issues, affordability, transportation, inflexible work schedule Gaps in healthcare Culturally competent Intervention: Use of Technology to control gylcemic levels in Hispanics One evidence-based, culturally competent behavior change that would promote health for the Hispanic population with type 2 DM in this community is the use of technology.

Studies found that Latinos can effectively use technology tools to improve health behaviors such as physical activity (Rosas et al., 2018). Apps such as MyFitnessPal and Fitbit activity tracker were useful among middle-aged Latinos. As noted by Ashrafzadeh & Hamdy (2019), smartphone application incorporating blood glucose readings transmitted from patients' glucometers, manual dietary tracking, exercise tracking by a fitness tracker, diabetes education, and capacity to communicate with healthcare providers resulted in HbA1c reduction by 0.6% in 12 weeks of intervention. These findings suggest that technology can improve patient self-management in diabetes control and enhance the delivery of care in prediabetic and diabetic patients Culturally Competent Intervention: Dietary change Most of the foods are high in fats and calories, family celebrations may involve pressure to overeat and turning down food can be viewed as impolite (CDC,2019).

Some view overweight as being healthy Culturally competent Intervention: Diabetic Education Educational material for the people in this community need to reflect their culture, diverse languages, food preferences and educational level. Recommendations given to improve health should consider the income level of the community. Community Resources Lifestyle medication program Diabetic Education Class the Bronx Health REACH/ Institute for Urban Family Health- coalition that help individuals within the Bronx neighborhoods to change their knowledge attitudes and behaviors about health and healthy lifestyle Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center 6 Elements of Fitness- family gym in the south Bronx Farmers Markets and $2 Farmers Market Health Bucks Outcome can be measured by: Improved glycemic control as reflected by lower HGB A1C Weight Reduction Healthier eating habits Increased physical activity Role as a healthcare leader in the community Assess the population Identify determinants of health and gaps in healthcare Collaborate with community leaders, healthcare facilities and professionals Implement interventions in a community that are culturally competent Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to ensure positive health outcomes Advocate for culturally appropriate resources that will assist people in making healthier choices and support diabetic patients in meeting their goal of achieving glycemic control.

References References Baqiyyah N Conway, Xijing Han, Heather M Munro, Amy L Gross, Xiao-Ou Shu, Margaret K Hargreaves, Wei Zheng, Alvin C Powers, & William J Blot. (2018). The obesity epidemic and rising diabetes incidence in a low-income racially diverse southern US cohort. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e. Devia, C., Baker, E. A., Sanchez-Youngman, S., Barnidge, E., Golub, M., Motton, F., Muhammad, M., Ruddock, C., Vicuà±a, B., & Wallerstein, N. (2017).

Advancing system and policy changes for social and racial justice: comparing a Rural and Urban Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership in the U.S. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 17. New York City Department of Public Health. (2018). Community Heath Profiles 2018, Bronx Community District 4: Highbridge and Concourse. Retrieved from Shervin Assari, Maryam Moghani Lankarani, John D.

Piette, & James E. Aikens. (2017). Socioeconomic Status and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes; Race by Gender Differences. Healthcare, 5(4), 83. L.

M., Leziak, K., Jackson, J., Niznik, C. M., & Simon, M. A. (2020). Health Care Providers’ Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators to Care for Low-Income Pregnant Women with Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(2), 190–200.

Farmers Market Health Bucks Outcome can be measured by: Improved glycemic control as reflected by lower HGB A1C Weight Reduction Healthier eating habits Increased physical activity Role as a healthcare leader in the community Assess the population Identify determinants of health and gaps in healthcare Collaborate with community leaders, healthcare facilities and professionals Implement interventions in a community that are culturally competent Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to ensure positive health outcomes Advocate for culturally appropriate resources that will assist people in making healthier choices and support diabetic patients in meeting their goal of achieving glycemic control.

References References Baqiyyah N Conway, Xijing Han, Heather M Munro, Amy L Gross, Xiao-Ou Shu, Margaret K Hargreaves, Wei Zheng, Alvin C Powers, & William J Blot. (2018). The obesity epidemic and rising diabetes incidence in a low-income racially diverse southern US cohort. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e. Devia, C., Baker, E. A., Sanchez-Youngman, S., Barnidge, E., Golub, M., Motton, F., Muhammad, M., Ruddock, C., Vicuà±a, B., & Wallerstein, N. (2017).

Advancing system and policy changes for social and racial justice: comparing a Rural and Urban Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership in the U.S. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 17. New York City Department of Public Health. (2018). Community Heath Profiles 2018, Bronx Community District 4: Highbridge and Concourse. Retrieved from Shervin Assari, Maryam Moghani Lankarani, John D.

Piette, & James E. Aikens. (2017). Socioeconomic Status and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes; Race by Gender Differences. Healthcare, 5(4), 83. L.

M., Leziak, K., Jackson, J., Niznik, C. M., & Simon, M. A. (2020). Health Care Providers’ Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators to Care for Low-Income Pregnant Women with Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(2), 190–200.

Paper for above instructions

Diabetes in Hispanic Women: A Community Health Analysis for Highbridge/Concourse

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is recognized as a pressing public health concern, especially among certain ethnic groups including Hispanic women. This paper aims to analyze the current state of diabetes in Hispanic women residing in the Highbridge/Concourse community, emphasizing the underlying social determinants of health that influence diabetes prevalence and management in this population.

Community Demographics

Highbridge/Concourse, a neighborhood in the Bronx, New York, consists of approximately 155,835 residents, with 65% identifying as Latino, 31% as Black, 2% as Asian, and 1% as White (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018). The demographic composition indicates a significant portion of Hispanic individuals, which is critical for analyzing health disparities, specifically diabetes prevalence.
From the data, it is clear that 29% of residents are young adults aged 25-44, and the community experiences a 17% diabetes prevalence among its residents compared to only 3% in the Financial District/Greenwich Village area (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018). This stark contrast highlights the urgent need for culturally informed health interventions aimed at this population.

Determinants of Health

Understanding the high prevalence of diabetes in Highbridge/Concourse requires a closer examination of several social determinants of health:
1. Access to Healthy Food: The community has only one supermarket for every 18 bodegas, with many fast food options available (Devia et al., 2017). The limited availability of fresh produce and nutritious food significantly contributes to unhealthy dietary habits, which are risk factors for diabetes.
2. Education: Educational attainment correlates with diabetes incidence. As reported by Conway (2018), a decline in diabetes incidence is associated with higher education and income levels. In Highbridge/Concourse, limited resources for education exacerbate health issues within the community.
3. Language Barriers: With 42% of individuals born outside of the U.S. and 35% having limited English proficiency, effective communication about health practices becomes a challenge. This barrier can lead to misunderstandings regarding diabetes management (Shervin Assari et al., 2017).
4. Income and Employment: Approximately 32% of families live in poverty, with an unemployment rate of 13% (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018). Economic instability restricts access to essential healthcare and resources needed for managing diabetes effectively.
5. Healthcare Access: Factors such as being uninsured, transportation issues, childcare, and inflexible work schedules hinder many individuals from obtaining timely healthcare interventions.

Culturally Competent Interventions

To address the unique challenges faced by Hispanic women with diabetes in Highbridge/Concourse, the implementation of culturally competent interventions becomes vital:
1. Technology Utilization: Recent studies show that technological tools can encourage beneficial health behaviors among Latinos. Applications like MyFitnessPal and Fitbit have proven effective in increasing physical activity (Rosas et al., 2018). Furthermore, Ashrafzadeh & Hamdy (2019) suggest integrating smartphone apps capable of transmitting glucose readings, tracking dietary habits, and communicating with healthcare providers to achieve better glycemic control.
2. Dietary Changes: The dietary habits prevalent within Hispanic communities often consist of high-calorie and high-fat foods. Culturally relevant nutrition education can facilitate healthier eating practices. It is essential to consider traditional foods and the social aspects of eating, where declining food can be perceived as impolite (CDC, 2019).
3. Diabetes Education: Educational programs tailored for Hispanic women must address language diversity, cultural practices, and economic considerations. Ensuring that the materials are understandable and relatable increases the chances of effectively altering health behaviors.
4. Community Resources: Collaboration with local organizations like the Bronx Health REACH initiative can leverage community assets to provide diabetes education classes and lifestyle modification programs. Connecting services to local resources like farmers markets can also facilitate access to healthier food options, as demonstrated by the successful

Diabetes In Hispanic Womenhighbridgeconcourse Communitystatistical Da

Diabetes in Hispanic Women Highbridge/Concourse Community Statistical Data There are approximately155,835 people living in this community, of which 65% are Latino, 31% are black, 2% are Asian, 1% is white and 1% are of some other ethnicity group. The community is inhabited by 29% of young adults in the age range of 25-44, 27% of the residents are in the age group of 0-17 and 23% are in the age range of 45-64 The denial of resources and opportunities has contributed to the current disparities seen in the health outcomes in the Highbridge and Concourse community. Over % of patients in withing the New York have diabetes 17 % of patients within the Highbridge/Concourse Community have diabetes compared to 3% in the Financial District/Greenwich village area of NYC (NYC Department of Public Health, 2018).

Determinants to Health Access to Healthy Food- 1 supermarket to 18 bodegas in this community, numerous fast-food restaurants Education-. In a study of a diverse group in a southern community, diabetes incidence tended to decline as both education and income levels rose (Conway, 2018). Language Barrier- ), 42% of the individuals in this community were born outside of the United States and 35% have limited proficiency in English. Income level - % of families in this neighborhood live in poverty . According to NYC Department of Public Health (2018), 32% of people in the community live in poverty compared to 20% in NYC and unemployment rate is 13% in this area Access to healthcare- uninsured, childcare issues, affordability, transportation, inflexible work schedule Gaps in healthcare Culturally competent Intervention: Use of Technology to control gylcemic levels in Hispanics One evidence-based, culturally competent behavior change that would promote health for the Hispanic population with type 2 DM in this community is the use of technology.

Studies found that Latinos can effectively use technology tools to improve health behaviors such as physical activity (Rosas et al., 2018). Apps such as MyFitnessPal and Fitbit activity tracker were useful among middle-aged Latinos. As noted by Ashrafzadeh & Hamdy (2019), smartphone application incorporating blood glucose readings transmitted from patients' glucometers, manual dietary tracking, exercise tracking by a fitness tracker, diabetes education, and capacity to communicate with healthcare providers resulted in HbA1c reduction by 0.6% in 12 weeks of intervention. These findings suggest that technology can improve patient self-management in diabetes control and enhance the delivery of care in prediabetic and diabetic patients Culturally Competent Intervention: Dietary change Most of the foods are high in fats and calories, family celebrations may involve pressure to overeat and turning down food can be viewed as impolite (CDC,2019).

Some view overweight as being healthy Culturally competent Intervention: Diabetic Education Educational material for the people in this community need to reflect their culture, diverse languages, food preferences and educational level. Recommendations given to improve health should consider the income level of the community. Community Resources Lifestyle medication program Diabetic Education Class the Bronx Health REACH/ Institute for Urban Family Health- coalition that help individuals within the Bronx neighborhoods to change their knowledge attitudes and behaviors about health and healthy lifestyle Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center 6 Elements of Fitness- family gym in the south Bronx Farmers Markets and $2 Farmers Market Health Bucks Outcome can be measured by: Improved glycemic control as reflected by lower HGB A1C Weight Reduction Healthier eating habits Increased physical activity Role as a healthcare leader in the community Assess the population Identify determinants of health and gaps in healthcare Collaborate with community leaders, healthcare facilities and professionals Implement interventions in a community that are culturally competent Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to ensure positive health outcomes Advocate for culturally appropriate resources that will assist people in making healthier choices and support diabetic patients in meeting their goal of achieving glycemic control.

References References Baqiyyah N Conway, Xijing Han, Heather M Munro, Amy L Gross, Xiao-Ou Shu, Margaret K Hargreaves, Wei Zheng, Alvin C Powers, & William J Blot. (2018). The obesity epidemic and rising diabetes incidence in a low-income racially diverse southern US cohort. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e. Devia, C., Baker, E. A., Sanchez-Youngman, S., Barnidge, E., Golub, M., Motton, F., Muhammad, M., Ruddock, C., Vicuà±a, B., & Wallerstein, N. (2017).

Advancing system and policy changes for social and racial justice: comparing a Rural and Urban Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership in the U.S. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 17. New York City Department of Public Health. (2018). Community Heath Profiles 2018, Bronx Community District 4: Highbridge and Concourse. Retrieved from Shervin Assari, Maryam Moghani Lankarani, John D.

Piette, & James E. Aikens. (2017). Socioeconomic Status and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes; Race by Gender Differences. Healthcare, 5(4), 83. L.

M., Leziak, K., Jackson, J., Niznik, C. M., & Simon, M. A. (2020). Health Care Providers’ Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators to Care for Low-Income Pregnant Women with Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(2), 190–200.

Farmers Market Health Bucks initiatives.

Measuring Outcomes

Assessing the effectiveness of implemented interventions is critical in determining their impact on the community. Potential measures of success could include:
- Improvement in glycemic control represented by lower HbA1c levels.
- Achievements in weight reduction among participants.
- Increased instances of healthy dietary habits through food questionnaires.
- Self-reported increases in physical activity levels.

Role as a Healthcare Leader

Engaging in diabetes management demands strong community leadership. This role encompasses several obligations:
1. Assessing the Population: Understanding the unique needs and characteristics of the Hispanic women in the community is vital.
2. Collaborating: Partnership with community leaders and healthcare professionals to strategize and implement interventions that are culturally competent.
3. Evaluating Interventions: Monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions is necessary to adapt strategies based on community feedback and health outcomes.
4. Advocacy: Leading advocacy efforts for policy changes that enhance access to resources and healthcare services is essential for creating systemic change.

Conclusion

Diabetes poses significant health challenges for Hispanic women within the Highbridge/Concourse community. By examining the social determinants that contribute to diabetes prevalence and effectively implementing culturally competent interventions, we can work towards improving health outcomes in this underserved population. Continuous evaluation and community engagement are pivotal in creating sustainable and impactful health improvements.

References

1. Ashrafzadeh, S., & Hamdy, O. (2019). The role of technology in diabetes management for Hispanic population: Integration of smartphone application and health care providers communication. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(2), 190-199.
2. Baqiyyah, N. C., Conway, X., Munro, H. M., Gross, A. L., et al. (2018). The obesity epidemic and rising diabetes incidence in a low-income racially diverse southern US cohort. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e0191879.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019). Cultural attitudes related to health in the Hispanic community. Retrieved from [CDC website].
4. Conway, B. N. (2018). The impact of education and income on diabetes incidence in a southern community. American Journal of Public Health, 108(5), 611-617.
5. Devia, C., Baker, E. A., Sanchez-Youngman, S., et al. (2017). Advancing system and policy changes for social and racial justice: Comparing a rural and urban community-based participatory research partnership in the U.S. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), 17.
6. New York City Department of Public Health. (2018). Community Health Profiles 2018: Bronx Community District 4: Highbridge and Concourse. Retrieved from [NYC Department of Health].
7. Rosas, L. G., et al. (2018). Technological interventions and health behavior changes in Latino populations. Health Affairs, 37(3), 444-452.
8. Shervin Assari, M., Moghani Lankarani, M., Piette, J. D., & Aikens, J. E. (2017). Socioeconomic status and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes; race by gender differences. Healthcare, 5(4), 83.
9. Voss, C., et al. (2020). Barriers and facilitators to care for low-income patients with diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 33(2), 191-198.
10. Wallerstein, N., et al. (2020). Community-based participatory research: A strategy for enhancing health equity. Health Promotion International, 35(2), 354-364.
By addressing both health education needs and social determinants of health, we can enact meaningful change that will significantly decrease the prevalence of diabetes among Hispanic women in Highbridge/Concourse.