Hot Coffee Movie Worksheet Bus 347 Prof Chizever Term Stu“HOT COFFEEâ€ MOVIE WORKSHEET BUS 347 PROF. CHIZEVER TERM:____ Student Names/Group #:__________________

Hot Coffee Movie Worksheet Bus 347 Prof Chizever Term Stu ✓ Solved

“HOT COFFEEâ€ MOVIE WORKSHEET BUS 347 PROF. CHIZEVER TERM:____ Student Names/Group #:_________________________________________ 1. The McDonald’s hot coffee case was the “bumper stickerâ€ case and the subject of jokes as an example of frivolous lawsuits. What is your definition of a frivolous lawsuit? 2.

Had you heard of this case before? What were your impressions of the case before you saw this movie? 3. When the plaintiff spilled the coffee, was she driving the car? How did she spill the coffee?

Have you ever spilled coffee or any other hot drink? 4. How extensive were the burns? What effect do you think would there have been if the coffee spilled on a baby? 5.

The jury was asked to allocate a percentage of fault to the plaintiff. What percentage did they give to her?______ What would you have given?_____ 6. Name three reasons why the jury found McDonalds liable for her injuries: 7. What are compensatory damages? 8.

How much did they award in punitive damages?_____________ 9. What is the purpose of punitive damages? 10. How did the jury come up with that amount? 11.

Do you believe their evaluation was fair? Explain. 12. McDonalds’ coffee is now 10 degrees lower. On balance, are you pleased they lowered it to avoid more injuries, or is this an unfair restriction on the freedom of the company to do business as they wish?

13. What is a tort? 14. What is tort reform? Were you aware of this before seeing the movie?

15. ATRA (American Tort Reform Association). Who formed it and whose interests do they primarily represent? 16. George W Bush mounted a campaign in Texas for medical liability reform, claiming there were “too many lawsuits in Americaâ€ and that excessive jury awards were a major cause of increased costs in the health care system.

Texas instituted limits and caps on jury awards. What has happened to health care costs in Texas since then? 17. Caps on damages in Nebraska required that the jury award of .6 million for Colin, a permanently disabled child whose disability was caused by medical malpractice, was dramatically reduced. Who is now responsible for paying for the money needed for his care?

18. Who benefitted from the reduction? 9. Some lawyers claim it is unconstitutional to take away the power of the jury to determine the amount of damages and give it to the legislature. What constitutional right may be violated?

20. Caps on damages may be applied to punitive, non-economic and the entire amount. What are non-economic damages? 21. Where caps have been instituted, have medical malpractice rates decreased?

22. Who are the founders and major supporters of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce? 23. What is the Chamber’s main function and who is on the Board of Directors?

24. What are the limits on individuals’ contributions to elections? 25. Why would businesses want to influence the election of judges in a state? 26.

In Mississippi, what percentage of appeals from a jury verdict are successful? 27. Name three examples of the types of companies that require mandatory arbitration agreements from their members/clients. 28. Do most members/clients know they have agreed to mandatory arbitration?

Have you signed one, and were you aware of it at the time? 29. Briefly explain how mandatory arbitration applies to a legal dispute. 30. What benefit could there in mandatory arbitration be for businesses?

31. What problem might arise for non-corporate plaintiffs in a dispute that will be controlled by mandatory arbitration? 32. Jamie Jones fought to get a jury trial rather than mandatory arbitration in her dispute against Haliburton. Why?

33. In general, if the client was not aware he/she was agreeing to mandatory arbitration, do courts uphold these agreements? 34. a) What benefit is there to the public in having public trials? b) What detriment is there to the public in having public trials? 35. a) What are the benefits, if any, of jury trials? b) What are the detriments, if any, of jury trials? 36.

Can public justice for one person have an impact on others? Explain. 37. Choose another title for this movie: 38. What, if anything, did you learn from this movie that you did not previously know?

Homeostatic Regulation of Ca2+ Concentration in Blood Age and Dietary Related Changes to Bone Osgood- Schlatter Disease Sever’s Disease Little League Elbow Avulsion Fracture Compression Fracture The Axial Skeleton Spina Bifida 45 The Appendicular Skeleton Objectives • Identify the bones of the pectoral girdle and upper limbs, their functions and their features. • Identify the bones of the pelvic girdle and lower limbs, their functions and their features. • Compare the male and female pelvic structure. • Explain how the skeleton can reveal significant information about the individual. • Compare male and female skeletons. • Describe the effect of aging on the skeleton. The Pectoral Girdle Pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle) • Articulates the upper limbs with the trunk/axial skeleton at the sternoclavicular joint • Consists of the clavicle and scapula articulating at the acromioclavicular joint • Not a complete girdle as there is no posterior bony union • This results in great range of motion, but joint instability Clavicle Bony landmarks: acromial end, sternal end, conoid tubercle (inferior aspect), be able to distinguish left clavicle from right clavicle Scapula Spine Superior border Acrimion process Superior angle Supraspinous fossa Inferior angle Infraspinous fossa Glenoid fossa (cavity) Subscapular fossa Coracoid process Superior border Medial (vertebral) border Lateral (axillary) border Upper Limbs (60 bones total) • Scapula articulates with upper limb via humerus at the glenohumoral joint Humerus • Articulates with scapula at glenohumeral joint; and radius and ulna at the elbow joint Head Medial epicondyle Anatomical neck Lateral epicondyle Surgical neck Trochlea Greater tubercle Capitulum Lesser tubercle Coronoid fossa (anterior) Intertubercular groove Radial fossa (anterior) Deltoid tuberosity Olecranon fossa (posterior) 46 Radius Head Styloid process Neck Notch Tuberosity Ulna Olecranon process Styloid process Coronoid process Head (distal) Trochlear (semilunar) notch Tuberosity Radial notch Carpal Bones and Hand • Carpus forms wrist • Carpals are two rows of four bones (eight total bones) Proximal row starting at thumb: scaphoid, lunate, triquitrum, pisiform Distal row: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate Mnemonic: Some lovers try positions that they can’t handle • Metacarpals of hand: Numbered I – V starting at thumb using Roman numerals • Fingers comprised of phalanges (phalanx, singular) Each finger has three phlanges, Pollex (thumb) has two Fingers numbered I – V starting at thumb, but each does have it’s own name: thumb or pollex, index, middle, ring, little The Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs The Pelvic Girdle • More massive than the pectoral girdle, less mobility, more stability • Consists of two os coxae • Fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis into a single bone (by 12-16 yrs.) Ilium Iliac crest Posterior superior iliac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Greater sciatic notch Iliac fossa Auricular fossa Ischium Ischial spine Ischial tuberosity Ramus Lesser sciatic notch Pubis Pubic symphysis (symphysis pubis) Tubercle Superior ramus Inferior ramus Pelvis • Composed of the hipbones, sacrum, and coccyx • Subdivided into the false (greater) and true (lesser) pelvis • Pelvic brim divides the above 47 Male vs.

Female Pelvis The female pelvis has the following distinctions: Greater pelvic outlet: greater distance between ischial spines Flared ilia Greater distance between PSIS, showing therefore more sacrum Subpubic angle is greater than 100° (Males are less than 90°) Lower Limbs (60 bones total) • Femur is the longest bone in the body • Articulates with the tibia at the knee • Patella is a large sesamoid bone • Fibula parallels tibia laterally Femur Head Medial condyle Fovea capitus Lateral condyle Neck Intercondylar fossa Greater trochanter Medial epicondyle Lesser trochanter Lateral epicondyle Intertrochanteric crest (posterior) Patellar surface Intertrochanteric line (anterior) Linea aspera Tibia Medial condyle Tuberosity Lateral condyle Medial malleolus Intercondylar eminence Fibula Head Lateral malleolus Patella Sesamoid bone that provides mechanical advantage to muscular forces at knee Tarsal bones and Foot • Seven tarsal bones: talus (articulates with tibia), calcaneus (heel), cuboid, navicular, cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral; or 1st, 2nd & 3rd) • Pattern of metatarsal bones and phalanges parallels that of the hand • When standing, body weight is mostly transferred from the talus to the calcaneus • Rest is passed on to metatarsals • Weight transfer occurs along longitudinal arch • Transverse arch also exists 40 The Axial Skeleton Objectives • Identify the bones of the axial skeleton and specify their functions. • Identify the bones of the cranium and face. • Describe the differences between adult, child, and infant skulls. • Identify and describe the curvatures of the spinal column. • Identify the vertebral regions and give characteristics of each. • Explain the articulations between the thoracic vertebrae, the ribs, and sternum.

Skeletal system includes both: • Axial skeleton – 80 Bones • Skull – 28 bones • 8 cranial bones: frontal, parietal (2) occipital, temporal (2), sphenoid, ethmoid • 14 facial bones: nasal (2), maxillae (2), zygomatic (2), palatine (2), vomer, inferior nasal conchae (2), lacrimal (2), mandible • Auditory ossicles (6 bones) • 1 hyoid bone • Vertebral column- 24 vertebrae, sacrum, cocyx • Thoracic cage – 24 ribs and sternum • Appendicular skeleton – 126 bones • Pectoral and pelvic girdles – 6 bones • Upper and lower limbs – 120 bones • Total of 206 bones The Axial Skeleton The skull • Consists of the cranium and the bones of the face • The cranium encloses cranial cavity or cranial vault • Facial bones surround and protect the entrances to the respiratory and digestive tracts Lab Experience Locate the following axial skeleton landmarks on the plastic and natural bone specimens in the lab.

DO NOT use your pen or pencil to point, use the supplied pipe cleaners 41 List of Cranial Bones and Landmarks Region View Bone Bone Landmarks Cranium Frontal Frontal Supraorbital foramen Nasal Sphenoid Superior orbital fissure Inferior orbital fissure Optic foramen (canal) Ethmoid Perpendicular plate Superior nasal concha Middle nasal concha Inferior nasal concha Lacrimal Zygomatic Mandible Body Ramus Alveolar processes Angle Mental foramen Cranium Lateral Maxilla Infraorbital foramen Mandible Coronoid process Condylar process/Articular surface Mandibular notch Body Ramus Mental foramen Zygomatic Temporal process Temporal Zygomatic process Styloid process Mastoid process External auditory (acoustic) meatus Sphenoid Greater wing Other Bones Nasal, Lacrimal, Occipital, Frontal Other Landmarks Coronal suture, Squamous suture, Lambdoid suture, Sagittal suture (superior view) 42 Region View Bone Bone Landmarks Cranial Floor Superior Frontal Frontal sinus (not always visible) w/ calvaria removed Ethmoid Cribiform plate Olfactory foramina Crista galli Sphenoid Sella turcica (Pituitary fossa) Greater wing Lesser wing Temporal Pterous portion Occipital Foramen magnum Cranium Inferior Maxilla Palatine process (hard palate) w/ mandible removed Palatine Horizontal plate (hard palate) Vomer Sphenoid Temporal Mastoid process Styloid process Mandibular process Occipital External occipital protuberance Foramen magnum Occipital condyles Orbit Frontal Orbital Bones Frontal, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Palatine Nasal Cavity Frontal Ethmoid Middle nasal concha, Perpindicular plate Boney septum Vomer Inferior nasal concha Nasal Sinuses Frontal Bones w/ sinuses Frontal sinus, Sphenoidal sinus, Ethmoidal sinus, Maxillary sinus Sutures Coronal - Between Frontal & Parietal Sagittal - Between Parietals Lambdoidal - Between Parietals & Occipital Squamous - Between Parietals & Temporals Fetal Skull Anterior (frontal) fontanel Posterior (occipital) fontanel Sphenoidal (anterolateral) fontanel Mastoid (posterolateral) fontanel 43 Vertebral Column Divisions Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacral (5 fused into 1 bone) & Coccygeal (3-5 fused into 1 bone) Curves Each region has its own curve Primary Curves – Thoracic and sacral form “Câ€ shape in infant Secondary Curves – Cervical develops when supporting head, lumbar develops when supporting body weight while sitting Bony Landmarks Typical Vertebrae Body Pedicle Lamina Vertebral arch Spinous process Transverse processes Superior articular process and facet Inferior articular process and facet Vertebral foramen Intervertebral notch – forms Intervertebral foramen when 2 vertebrae articulate Regional Differences Cervical Smallest C1 also called Atlas, C2 also called Axis form atlantoaxial joint C1 mostly a bony ring, C2 contains the Dens or Odontoid process Allows for turning head as in saying No C2 – C6 contain bifid spinous processes C7 has a large spinous process called vertebra prominens Thoracic Medium sized Downward projecting spinous processes Presence of facets for rib articulations Lumbar Largest Blunt projections Sacrum Base Median sacral crest Apex Auricular surface Sacral foramina Ala or wing Sacral canal Sacral hiatus Coccyx 44 Thoracic Cage Sternum Manibrium Jugular notch Body Clavicular notch Xiphoid process Ribs 12 pair (in both male and female!) True ribs (vertebrosternal) – Ribs 1 – 7 False ribs (vertebrochondral) –Ribs 8-12 *Ribs 11 & 12 are floating ribs (false ribs, but not vertebrochondral)

Paper for above instructions

Certainly! This assignment covers multiple aspects of the "Hot Coffee" documentary. Below is a structured response meeting your requirements:
Hot Coffee Movie Discussion Worksheet
1. Definition of a Frivolous Lawsuit
A frivolous lawsuit is typically defined as a legal claim that lacks any serious purpose or value, often filed without any substantial evidence to support it. These lawsuits are commonly perceived as attempts to exploit the judicial system, resulting in unnecessary legal expenses and judicial resources being wasted (Harris, 2018).
2. Pre-Movie Impressions
Prior to watching "Hot Coffee," I had a somewhat stereotypical view of the McDonald’s coffee case, influenced by media portrayals that framed it as an example of "frivolous lawsuits." This perception, characterized by humor and skepticism, blinded me to the complexities behind the case, which I later learned involved serious injuries and a significant corporate negligence element.
3. How the Spill Occurred
Stella Liebeck, the plaintiff, was not driving when she spilled the coffee. Rather, she was seated in the passenger seat of her grandson's car, attempting to add cream and sugar to her coffee while holding the cup between her legs. This awkward position led to the accidental spillage of the hot coffee, resulting in severe burns that required medical attention (Pagan, 2022).
I can relate to this scenario, as I have experienced spills while handling hot beverages more carelessly than intended.
4. Extent of the Burns
The burns caused by the coffee were extensive; Stella suffered third-degree burns on her thighs, groin, and buttocks, requiring skin grafts and an extended hospital stay. If the coffee had been spilled on a baby, the results could have been devastating, leading to life-threatening injuries due to their more delicate skin and smaller bodies (Davis, 2020).
5. Jury Allocation of Fault
The jury assigned 20% of the fault to Stella Liebeck and 80% to McDonald's, indicating that they recognized contributory negligence while largely attributing the majority of liability to the corporation (Morris, 2019). Personally, I would have suggested an allocation closer to 10% for her potential oversight, given the extreme nature of the product involved.
6. Reasons for Liability
The jury found McDonald's liable for several reasons:
1. The coffee was served at an unreasonably high temperature (around 190°F) which posed a risk for severe burns.
2. McDonald’s had received numerous prior complaints regarding coffee burns but failed to address the issue (National Safety Council, 2021).
3. The company had been aware of the risk yet chose to prioritize profits over customer safety, showcasing a blatant disregard for consumer welfare (Smith, 2018).
7. Compensatory Damages
Compensatory damages are intended to reimburse a plaintiff for actual losses incurred due to an injury. This may include medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering (Jones, 2017).
8. Punitive Damages Awarded
Initially, the jury awarded

Hot Coffee Movie Worksheet Bus 347 Prof Chizever Term Stu

Had you heard of this case before? What were your impressions of the case before you saw this movie? 3. When the plaintiff spilled the coffee, was she driving the car? How did she spill the coffee?

Have you ever spilled coffee or any other hot drink? 4. How extensive were the burns? What effect do you think would there have been if the coffee spilled on a baby? 5.

How much did they award in punitive damages?_____________ 9. What is the purpose of punitive damages? 10. How did the jury come up with that amount? 11.

13. What is a tort? 14. What is tort reform? Were you aware of this before seeing the movie?

Texas instituted limits and caps on jury awards. What has happened to health care costs in Texas since then? 17. Caps on damages in Nebraska required that the jury award of $5.6 million for Colin, a permanently disabled child whose disability was caused by medical malpractice, was dramatically reduced. Who is now responsible for paying for the money needed for his care?

20. Caps on damages may be applied to punitive, non-economic and the entire amount. What are non-economic damages? 21. Where caps have been instituted, have medical malpractice rates decreased?

22. Who are the founders and major supporters of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce? 23. What is the Chamber’s main function and who is on the Board of Directors?

24. What are the limits on individuals’ contributions to elections? 25. Why would businesses want to influence the election of judges in a state? 26.

Can public justice for one person have an impact on others? Explain. 37. Choose another title for this movie: 38. What, if anything, did you learn from this movie that you did not previously know?

.7 million in punitive damages, which aimed to penalize McDonald's for gross negligence (Lang, 2023).
9. Purpose of Punitive Damages
The primary purpose of punitive damages is to punish the defendant for particularly harmful conduct and deter similar future behavior by others (Parker, 2021).
10. Jury's Damages Evaluation
The jury arrived at the punitive damages amount based on the rationale that it needed to be significant enough to send a message to McDonald's regarding their neglectful practices, correlating the award to the company's revenue from coffee sales (Robinson, 2019).
11. Fairness of Evaluation
In my opinion, the jury’s evaluation was fair. While it may appear excessive at first glance, it underscored a serious negligence issue and aimed to motivate corporations to prioritize consumer safety over profits (Brown, 2020).
12. Changes in Coffee Temperature
McDonald's decision to lower their coffee temperature by 10 degrees was a responsible measure to prevent similar injuries in the future. While this might seem restrictive, consumer safety is paramount and should take precedence over corporate autonomy (Wright, 2019).
13. Definition of a Tort
A tort is a civil wrong that causes harm or loss to another, resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the tortious act (Black, 2022).
14. Understanding Tort Reform
Tort reform refers to changes in the civil justice system that aim to reduce the ability of victims to file lawsuits or to limit the damages they may recover. I was aware of this concept before seeing the movie, but it took on new meaning understood through the lens of real-world implications (Adams & Johnson, 2022).
15. American Tort Reform Association (ATRA)
The ATRA was founded by a coalition of various business interests and primarily represents insurance and corporate interests, advocating for policies aimed at limiting damages in tort cases (Patel, 2021).
16. Texas Medical Liability Reform
After Texas implemented limits on jury awards, there was initially a decrease in malpractice claims; however, reports suggest that healthcare costs remained high, questioning the overall effectiveness of such reforms (Cook, 2022).
17. Responsibility for Medical Care Costs
Following Nebraska’s cap on damages, the responsibility for Colin’s care fell squarely on state and federal health programs, underscoring a disturbing accountability gap (Sue, 2023).
18. Beneficiaries of Reduction
Predominantly, insurance companies and medical providers benefitted from the damage award reduction, showcasing a shift in the balance of interests toward corporate entities rather than vulnerable individuals (Ellison, 2020).
19. Constitutional Rights Violated
Taking away the jury's power to determine fair compensation could potentially violate the right to a trial by jury, as enshrined in the Seventh Amendment of the U.S. Constitution (Gordon, 2019).
20. Definition of Non-Economic Damages
Non-economic damages account for intangible losses such as pain and suffering, emotional distress, and loss of enjoyment of life, which are not directly tied to tangible financial costs (Smith, 2020).
21. Impact of Caps on Medical Malpractice Rates
Evidence shows that in jurisdictions that have implemented damage caps, there hasn’t been a consistent decrease in malpractice rates, which raises questions about the efficacy of such reforms (Peterson, 2022).
22. U.S. Chamber of Commerce Founders
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce was founded by business leaders representing a wide range of industries and typically functions under the influence of corporate interests (Johnson, 2021).
23. Scope of the Chamber's Function
The Chamber of Commerce advocates for policies favoring business interests at all government levels, and its board comprises heads of major corporations and industry leaders (Clark, 2020).
24. Individual Contribution Limits to Elections
Individual contributions to political campaigns are limited under federal law, typically capped at