In This Module You Will Complete A Final Writing Assignment Of Approx ✓ Solved

In this module, you will complete a final writing assignment of approximately 6 pages (approximately 1,500 words, not including any cover or reference pages). In this final paper, you will summarize your chose country’s national security characteristics and practices, and then compare those with the United States. You should draw on coursework and insights across the term to thoroughly compare the national security of these two sovereign nation-states. There are likely to be many differences between the US and your chosen country (e.g., regime type and governing structures/practices; geography; DIME attributes etc.), and you should critically evaluate which ones seem most compelling and explanatory of the differences, if any, between the US and your country.

Obviously, the US has many advantages relative to other countries in national power dimensions, like the size and importance of its economy, but you should focus your comparison where it seems most stark and revealing of key differences that illuminate how national security varies across the world. In your comparative analysis answer the following questions: · Identify and then explain how your chosen country compares to the United States on the basic attributes/dimensions of national power (i.e., DIME + geography, culture etc.)? What are the key differences and similarities on these core dimensions of power and security? · How well does your chosen country use its national power dimensions to achieve its national security purposes in comparison with the US?

For example, does your country get more out of its diplomatic or economic attributes than does the US, which, arguably, uses more military power than most nation-states to pursue its objectives? · Compare and contrast the practice of national security in your chosen country and the US. Does your country behave differently than the US, and if so, how does it do so? What explains the difference, if any, in national security practice or decision-making? Might it be cultural, differing governance structures, geography, raw economic or military power etc.? · Finally, if anything stands out, what national security feature of your chosen country do you wish you saw more of in the United States? In academic writing, format is as important as content.

The format allows you to organize your findings in a logical sequence while promoting clarity. You are required to know the American Psychological Association (APA) rules since this is the required format for all of your writing assignments. You must use proper citations and references in order to identify borrowed material and avoid plagiarism. You can find detailed information on the APA Style (Links to an external site.) in the Excelsior Library. Please visit the Excelsior College Online Writing Lab (OWL) (Links to an external site.) website for more information on writing your paper.

Compose your work in a .doc or .docx file type using a word processor (such as Microsoft Word, etc.) and save it frequently to your computer. For those assignments that are not written essays and require uploading images or PowerPoint slides, please follow uploading guidelines provided by your instructor. Check your work and correct any spelling or grammatical errors. When you are ready to submit your work, click “Upload Submission.†Enter the submission title and then click on “Select a file to upload.†Browse your computer, and select your file. Click “Open†and verify the correct file name has appeared next to Submission File.

Click on “Continue.†Confirm submission is correct and then click on “Accept Submission & Save.†Managing HR in Small Entrepreneurial Firms An important function of a manager’s role is employee relations, especially ethics and justice, dealing with managing HR in small and entrepreneurial rms. Small businesses have special HRM needs and are required to know about HRM in running the business. The main topics we’ll address include the small business challenge; using the Internet and government tools to support the HR effort; leveraging small size with familiarity, exibility, fairness, and informality; using professional employer organizations; and managing HR systems, procedures, and paperwork.

Challenges of HR Managers in a Small Firms Working in a small rm requires managers to wear many hats. Delegating is the most logical method to have a peace of mind, remain organized, and hold conversations with employees to do a good job. Some of the challenges include making sure that you understand technology and that there is adequate compliance for recruiting, hiring, structure, qualications, job descriptions, training programs, compensation and benets, rules, polices and guidelines, governmental regulations, safety, and discipline. Types of Employee Training Technical or Technology Training Quality Training Confidence in Managing the HR Functions of the Firm Skills Training Soft Skills Training Professional and Legal Training Team Training Managerial Training Safety Training There’s a common business saying, “You’re only as good as the people you hire†(Ray Kroc).

If it wasn’t stressed upon in personnel planning, recruiting, and employee testing and selection, the key to an effective HR function is hiring the best people, offering competitive pay and benets, and bringing them to speed quickly. Staff training is very important to reduce turnover. A small business can create and capitalize on their strengths by being exible and informal and by communicating clearly and keeping the staff safe and happy. It can also improve retention through diversity, fairness, strong employment policies, and measuring employee’s performance for optimal productivity results. Know the Law Regardless of what role or function one has in the workplace, it is critical to know the laws of your state.

Additional Materials From your course textbook, Human Resource Management, review the following chapter: Managing Human Resources in Small and Entrepreneurial Firms From the South University Online Library, review the following articles: Smaller Firms Turn to Outsourcing as Way of Managing HR, Staff’s Needs ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=ofm&AN=&site=eds-live) Performance, HR Practices, and the HR Manager in Small Entrepreneurial Firms ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=ent&AN=&site=eds-live) Challenges Facing Small-Firm Manages in Growing Manufacturing Firms ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=edo&AN=&site=eds-live) î…¤ î…¤ î…¤ Building Positive Employee Relations There are many organizations we hear about in the media who promote exceptional employee relations or are constantly popping up on the “best companies to work for,†while others have the stigma of negative press.

Promoting Positive Employee Relations Communication programs, reasonable accommodations, exibility in the workforce, and upward growth and progression promote a positive work environment. One of the main characteristics of keeping an open dialogue is providing employees with surveys to “pulse†the employees’ attitudes toward a variety of organizational issues to include leadership, safety, clarity, fairness, pay, etc. A forward-thinking and progressive organization will reap the rewards of a harmonious employee relations when employees are involved with the overall strategic performance with focus groups. Human resource (HR) managers are considered a key resource to provide insights into employee involvement programs.

It’s the organization’s mission to promote a quality employee relation. Positive Employee Relations Equals Ethical Standards It’s the role of the HR manager to design policies and procedures that reect the ethical choices that employees are faced with on a daily basis. These policies are designed for all the employees of the organization to include management actions and practices. In essence, it is about enforcing the rules and codes of conduct of unethical behavior and addressing the topics. Managers need to exhibit and foster the right culture, values, beliefs, and honesty.

When employees fail to follow these guidelines, disciplinary action takes effect. Discipline A very crucial and sensitive area within our jobs, discipline, is designed to encourage employees to behave sensibly, which means adhering to company rules and regulations. Firms have a specic process or procedure. You may want to research some examples of managing various disciplines. Employee Engagement Management would like to think that based upon positive employee relations, they have created the best organization.

Similarly, employees who are treated fairly would like to think that they work for the best organization possible, from a well-crafted engagement philosophy. Why Need Discipline? Review each tab to know more. Additional Materials From your course textbook, Human Resource Management, review the following chapter: Building Positive Employee Relations From the South University Online Library, review the following articles: Tools for Building a Positive Employee Relations Environment ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=edb&AN=&site=eds-live) The Moderating Role of Employee Positive Well Being on the Relation Between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=edsovi&AN=edsovi...00001&site=eds-live) Best Practices for Positive Employee Relations ( sch=suo&turl= direct=true&db=bth&AN=&site=eds-live) î…¤ î…¤ î…¤

Paper for above instructions

Introduction

National security is a fundamental concern for governments worldwide, encompassing the strategies and policies that nations employ to protect themselves from various threats. This paper will compare the national security characteristics and practices of Japan and the United States. By utilizing the DIME framework (Diplomacy, Intelligence, Military, and Economic power), the analysis will highlight key similarities and differences in both countries' national power dimensions. Furthermore, the intersection of cultural, geographic, and governance structures will elucidate the distinct approaches to national security that each country employs.

Overview of National Security Attributes

Diplomacy

Diplomatic engagement is crucial for any nation’s security policy. The United States has a vast network of international alliances, most notably NATO, which strengthens its security posture (Smith, 2020). In contrast, Japan's diplomatic relationships are mainly focused on regional security partnerships, particularly with the United States, as enshrined in the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty (Sugita, 2020). While both countries emphasize diplomacy, the scale and nature of their diplomatic efforts differ, with the United States engaging globally while Japan tends to focus on East Asia.

Intelligence

Intelligence capabilities enhance national security through information gathering and analysis. The United States possesses one of the most advanced intelligence infrastructures in the world, encompassing agencies such as the CIA and NSA (Miller, 2019). Conversely, Japan's intelligence community, which operates through the Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office (CIRO), has been described as more tentative and less assertive (Fujitani, 2021). This disparity affects how each nation approaches potential threats, with the U.S. often leveraging intelligence for preemptive action, while Japan remains more cautious and focused on domestic stability.

Military

When comparing military posture, the United States commands a military presence globally, with numerous bases around the world and advanced capabilities, including nuclear weapons (Johnson, 2021). In contrast, Japan's Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) are constitutionally restrained under Article 9 from engaging in offensive military action (Ito, 2022). This fundamental difference shapes their respective national security strategies: the United States often opts for a proactive military stance, while Japan's approach emphasizes self-defense and peacekeeping.

Economic Power

Economic strength significantly impacts national security strategies. The United States has the largest economy globally, which allows for significant investment in both defense and international aid (Thompson, 2021). Japan, despite being the third-largest economy, faces demographic challenges that strain its economic power (Smith, 2020). This economic context influences national security priorities, with the U.S. able to sustain expansive military and foreign policy efforts compared to Japan's more restrained military expenditure.

Geography

Geography plays a critical role in shaping national security strategies. The United States benefits from its geographic isolation by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, which diminishes the likelihood of direct threats (Hoffman, 2020). Japan, on the other hand, is located in a geopolitically sensitive region, with North Korea’s constant military developments posing an immediate threat (Kobayashi, 2021). The geographical realities compel Japan to engage closely with U.S. security guarantees while balancing its regional relations with China and Russia.

Culture

Cultural influences also affect security perception and national priorities. American culture places a higher value on individualism and perceived national exceptionalism, which reflects in its assertive national security policies (Murray, 2020). Contrarily, Japan embodies a culture that favors group harmony and consensus, leading to a security policy characterized by caution and non-militarization (Tanaka, 2021). These cultural differences are often manifest in the willingness to deploy military forces or engage in conflict.

Comparative Analysis of National Security Practices

Use of National Power Dimensions

Comparatively, while the United States maximizes its diverse dimensions of national power — using military force when necessary — Japan has utilized predominantly diplomatic and economic channels to achieve its national security objectives (Kobayashi, 2021). For instance, Japan's post-World War II pacifism and focus on economic development have allowed it to maintain a unique role in international peacekeeping without direct military engagement (Sugita, 2020). In this light, one could argue that Japan's effective use of economic power to secure diplomatic ties might achieve similar security objectives without the militaristic policies frequently employed by the U.S.

Distinct Behaviors in National Security

The behavioral aspects of national security underscore differences in decision-making processes. The United States is more likely to act unilaterally when national interests are perceived to be at stake, as seen in the Iraq War in 2003 (Smith, 2020). Japan, however, emphasizes multilateral approaches to regional security issues, often seeking consensus among allies before active engagement (Ito, 2022). This preference reflects Japan's security culture and geopolitical realities.

Explanatory Factors for Differences

The differences in national security practice between Japan and the United States can largely be attributed to cultural, governance, and geographical factors. The U.S.'s cultural predisposition toward military engagement and its status as a global superpower lead to assertive doctrines (Murray, 2020). In contrast, Japan’s focus on diplomacy stems from its geographic concerns and historical context (Fujitani, 2021). Governance structures also play a role; Japan’s unique constitution limits military action and shifts the focus to economic and diplomatic measures, while the expansive Executive Powers in the U.S. allow for a swift military response when necessary (Johnson, 2021).

What to Adopt from Japan

Notably, one characteristic that stands out in Japan's national security strategy is its emphasis on non-militarization and the promotion of peaceful diplomacy. This approach has allowed Japan to maintain robust international ties while avoiding the historical pitfalls of militarism. As global dynamics continue to change, adopting more of Japan’s diplomatic engagement and consensus-focused decision-making could benefit the United States, particularly in de-escalating tensions in complex geopolitical contexts.

Conclusion

In summary, the comparative analysis of national security practices between Japan and the United States elucidates significant differences that arise from varied geographical, cultural, and governance dynamics. While the U.S. exhibits a diverse and proactive approach to national security through its military capabilities and global alliances, Japan exemplifies a restrained approach that heavily relies on economic power and diplomatic relations. Understanding these nuances in national security practices not only enhances the discourse around security policy but also provides insights into how countries can adapt to evolving global threats.

References

Fujitani, T. (2021). The evolution of Japan’s intelligence community. Journal of Japanese Studies, 47(1), 32-56.
Hoffman, F. (2020). Geography and America’s national security: A historical perspective. Geojournal, 85(2), 267-280.
Ito, T. (2022). Japan's Self-Defense Forces: A catalyst for change? Asian Security Journal, 18(1), 92-106.
Johnson, R. (2021). Military strategy and national security decisions in the U.S. Defense Studies, 21(3), 267-283.
Kobayashi, H. (2021). North Korea and Japan's security dilemma. Far Eastern Economic Review, 64(4), 8-15.
Miller, J. (2019). Intelligence operations in America: A historical overview. Intelligence and National Security, 34(5), 715-725.
Murray, C. (2020). Cultural influences on military policy in the United States. Military Review, 100(2), 34-47.
Smith, A. (2020). The Role of Diplomacy in U.S. National Security. Foreign Affairs, 99(3), 10-23.
Sugita, Y. (2020). Japan's security policy: Past, present, and future. Asian Affairs, 51(2), 109-125.
Thompson, J. (2021). Economic power and national security of the U.S.: A modern analysis. International Journal of Economic Policy, 13(1), 56-74.