Medieval Art Paleochristian Timespaleochristian Art Also Called Earl ✓ Solved

Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Paleochristian art: also called early Christian art or primitive art, architecture, painting and sculpture from the beginning of Christianity until about the early 6th century, particularly the art of Italy and and the western Mediterranean. The Christian religion was part of a general trend in the late Roman empire toward mysticism and spirituality. As Christianity developed, its art reflected the prevailing late antique artistic climate. Except for differences in subject matter, Christian and pagan works looked much the same; in fact, it is possible to show that the same workshop sometimes produced sculpture for both Christian and non-Christian purposes. Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Jesus Healing the Bleeding Woman(Ca.

4th century) Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Jesus the Good Shepherd: the image is referenced in the book of John, chapter 10. In his own words, Jesus tells us in John 10:11:â€I’m the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep†. John 10:14-15:â€I’m the good shepherd. I know my own sheep, and they know me just as my Father knows me and I Know my Father.

And I lay down my life for the sheep†Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Good Shepherd, mid 3rd –early 4th century Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Gold glass with Images of Saint Peter and Virgin Mary, 4th Century Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Church of Saint George, Sofia, 3rd –4th century Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Saint Sofia Church, Sofia, the 4th century Medieval Art: Paleochristian times Santa Sabina on the Aventine Hill, an inside view, 5th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Migration period art denotes the artwork of the Germanic peoples during the Migration period or Migration era(circa 4th –11th century). It includes the Migration art of the Germanic tribes on the continent, as well the start of the Insular art or Hiberno-Saxon art of the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic fusion in the British isles.

It covers many different styles of art including the polychrome style and the animal style. After Christianization, Migration period art developed into various schools of early medieval art in western Europe which are normally classified by region, such as Anglo-Saxon art and Carolingian art, before the continent-wide styles of Romanesque art and finally Gothic art developed. Medieval Art: Migration Era A golden plate featuring Germanic pattern, circa 6th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Germanic animal style: Bronze bear, 7th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Tortoise brooches, worn by Viking women, 8th—11th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Silver brooches from Viking north England, early 10th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Walrus ivory cross reliquary, 11th century Medieval Art: Migration Era Ring in Trewhiddle style, circa 775—850 AD Further Reading Please click the hyperlinks below for further study.

Medival art Migration Era Questions to Consider Questions to consider As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment. · How do effective leaders model behavior for others? · Is it possible to model leadership outside of the workplace? Suggested Resources The resources provided here are optional.

You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessmentྠhowever, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The BUS-FP3012 – Fundamentals of Leadership Library Guide can help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you. Multimedia Click Three Circles of Effective Leadership | Transcript to watch a presentation based on Blanchard and Zigarmi's Leadership and the One-Minute Manager. Capella University Library Resources · Hopen, D. (2010). The changing role and practices of successful leaders .

Journal for Quality and Participation, 33(1), 4–9. NBC Learn Video · NBC News. (2009, September 2). Portraits of leadership [Video] . NBC Learn. . This production assembles a collage of iconic leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr., to illustrate concepts of everyday leadership.

Bookstore Resources These resources are available from the Capella University Bookstore : · Kouzes, J. M., & Posner, B. Z. (2017). The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organizations (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. .

Introduction, "Making Extraordinary Things Happen in Organizations." . Chapter 1, "When Leaders Are at Their Best." . Chapter 3, "Clarify Values." . Chapter 4, "Set the Example." · Rath, T., & Conchie, B. (2008). Strengths based leadership: Great leaders, teams, and why people follow.

New York, NY: Gallup Press. . "Introduction." . "Part One: Investing in Your Strengths." Instructions For this assessment, consider that you are a successful middle manager in an organization that has an executive level position open. The human resources department is leading an internal search for that opening and considers leadership strengths as key to the position. As part of the application process for candidates interested in the opening, they asked each candidate to submit a short paper explaining the candidate's views of leadership.

To complete your paper, research the definition of leadership and consider how the definitions you find match your own ideas of what leadership means. The organization's HR department indicated the paper should be around 2–௻¿3 pages. They also provided the following outline to use in preparing the paper: · Create a definition of leadership and support it with examples. · Analyze how leadership can positively impact an organization and provide supporting examples. · Develop and analyze a personal strategy to develop leadership skills, including why you think it is effective. · Explain your personal strategy to develop leadership skills. · Create a definition of management and support it with examples. · Compare and contrast the differences between leadership and management.

Based on the intended audience, your summary should be well organized and written in clear, succinct language. Follow APA rules for attributing sources that support your analysis and conclusions. Academic Integrity and APA Formatting As a reminder related to using APA rules to ensure academic honesty: 1. When using a direct quote (using exact or nearly exact wording), you must enclose the quoted wording in quotation marks, immediately followed by an in-text citation. The source must then be listed in your references page.

2. When paraphrasing (using your own words to describe a non-original idea), the paraphrased idea must be immediately followed by an in-text citation and the source must be listed in your references page. Art of Hellenistic Period The art of the Hellenistic period generally, is taken to begin with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and end with the conquest of the Greek world by the Romans, a process well underway by 146 BCE, when the Greek mainland was taken, and essentially ending in 31 BCE with the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt following the Battle of Actium. A number of the best-known works of Greek sculpture belong to this period, including Laocoà¶n and His Sons, Venus de Milo, and the Winged Victory of Samothrace.

It follows the period of Classical Greek art, while the succeeding Greco-Roman art was very largely a continuation of Hellenistic trends. The term Hellenistic refers to the expansion of Greek influence and dissemination of its ideas following the death of Alexander – the "Hellenizing" of the world, with Koine Greek as a common language. The term is a modern invention; the Hellenistic World not only included a huge area covering the whole of the Aegean, rather than the Classical Greece focused on the Poleis of Athens and Sparta, but also a huge time range. In artistic terms this means that there is huge variety which is often put under the heading of "Hellenistic Art" for convenience. Map of Ancient Greece and part of Persian Empire Greece in Ancient Times I: The main source of modern Art Herodotusï¼›Thucydidesï¼›Socrates，Plato，Aristotle. etc.

II: Geographic sphere: Southern part of Europe, including northeast region of Mediterranean, mainly in Greek peninsula, Aegean, Sicily III: Period of City states: Athenians, Spartans Ancient Greek Sages: Arts and Humanities Historians: Herodotus(L) & Thucydides (R) Ancient Greek Sages: Arts and Humanities Three most famous philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle The Golden Age of Athens: The Establishment of Acropolis Athens From the East Greco-Persian Wars Also called Persian Wars, (492–449 BCE), a series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century. The fighting was most intense during two invasions that Persia launched against mainland Greece between 490 and 479.

Although the Persian empire was at the peak of its strength, the collective defense mounted by the Greeks overcame seemingly impossible odds and even succeeded in liberating Greek city-states on the fringe of Persia itself. The Greek triumph ensured the survival of Greek culture and political structures long after the demise of the Persian empire. The Battle of Marathon (490 BC) The Plain of Marathon Battle Today Statue of Pheidippides Pheidippides informing the Greek victory over Persian Empire The Rise of Macedonia Philip II of Macedonia Alexander the Great Alexander the Great Alexander the Great Founding of Alexander Empire Map of Alexander’s Empire and His Route Macedonian Empire 323BC，emperor Alexander died suddenly at the age of 33 when he was ready to invade Arabian peninsula.

According to his testament, the most powerful general should be chosen as his successor“让最强者继ä½â€ 301BC，The war of heirs presumptive （继承者之战）； the split of the empire, several independent regimes: Ptolemaic Dynasty（305—30BC）；Seleucus（312—64BC）； Hellenistic Ages（希腊化时代） Masterpieces Featuring Greek Legends: The Death of Socrates Masterpieces Featuring Greek Legends: The Death of Socrates Hellenistic Art：black-figure Pottery Hellenistic Art：A black-figure amphora, c. 6th century BC) Hellenistic Art：black-figure vase Hellenistic Art：detail of a black-figure pottery Hellenistic Art：red-figure cup Statues of Zeus at Olympia The monumental statue of Zeus at Olympia in Greece was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Created in the 430s BCE under the supervision of the master Greek sculptor Phidias, the huge ivory and gold statue was bigger even than that of Athena in the Parthenon. Worshipped by pilgrims from across the Mediterranean, the statue inspired countless imitations and defined the standard representation of Zeus in Greek and Roman art in sculpture, on coins, pottery, and gemstones. Lost in later Roman times following its removal to Constantinople, Phidias’ masterpiece captivated the ancient world for 1,000 years and was the must-see sight for anyone who attended the ancient Olympic Games. Statues of Zeus at Olympia Hellenistic Art：Sculpture Hellenistic Art：Sculpture Masterpiece of Sculpture: Vénus de Milo Masterpiece of Sculpture: Vénus de Milo Hellenistic Art：Different Features of Sculpture Acanthus Leaves 茛苕 Acanthus Leaves 茛苕 Acanthus Leaves 茛苕 Acanthus Leaves 茛苕 Acanthus Leaves 茛苕 Hellenistic Art：Pillars Pediment（山形墙） Hellenistic Art：Rectangular Features Art of Hellenistic Period Click the following hyperlinks for an extensive reading Greece: Classical and Hellenistic Art of the Hellenistic Age Quiz-3 on Art History July 19, 2019 I: Multiple Choice Questions 1.

The bust below is named as.. A. Akhenaten B. Nefertiti C. Amenhotep D.

Ramesses 2. A precious work of art in Pre-dynastic Period in Egypt, this Scarab Finger Ring was made of.. A. Crude turquois B. Jade C.

Amethyst D. Lapis lazuli 3. Where did the Ancient Romans place or exhibit sculptures.. A. Public buildings B.

Public parks C. Private homes D. All of the above 4. The famous statue of Sphinx was carved from a single mass of.. A. boulder B. marble C. granite D. limestone 5.

The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic kingdom based in.. A. Egypt B. Roman C. Nubia D.

Thebes 6. Which of the following ancient civilizations had the most artistic influence on the art of Ancient Rome? A. Egypt B. Greece C.

China D. Persia II: FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. The figurines were a mold-cast type of Greek terracotta figurines produced from the later fourth century BC. 2. The Romans made clay bricks from about the beginning of the Empire, replacing earlier sun-dried mud-brick.

3. The Roman was a large public building where business or legal matters could be transacted, having many of the functions of the modern town hall. 4. The Roman was a large open-air venue used for public events in the ancient Roman Empire, similar to the ancient Greek hippodromes. 5. was the most common material used in African art.

Quiz-1 on Art History July 5, 2019 I: Multiple Choice Questions 1. What was the mask of Tutankhamun made of.. A. Gold B. Pottery C.

Bronze D. Enamel 2. The Gebel el-Arak Knife was made of ivory and flint dating from Gerzeh culture period of Egyptian prehistory, showing the influence of.. A. Badaria B.

Mesopotamia C. Greece D. Rome 3. The Merimde culture was a Neolithic culture in the West Nile Delta in.. A.

Lower Egypt B. Upper Egypt C. Kush D.Aswan 4. The name of this building is.. A.

Parthenon B. Pantheon C. Zeus Temple D. House of Masks 5. Who is the sculptor of the famous statue Discobolus (掷é“饼者)?

A. Van Gogh B. Da Vinci C. Myron D. Thucydides 6.

What was a common feature of sculptures from the Archaic Period? A. Korai B. Apollo C. Doric D.

Olympia 7.What type of art are the Ancient Greeks most known for? A. Painting B. Drawings C. Calligraphy D.

Sculpture 8. What does tabula rasa mean according to Hume’s theory? A. New knowledge B. Clean slate C.

Red tablet D. Rise tomorrow 9. On what type of art did some Greek painting survive? A. Pottery B.

Sculptures C. Bronzes D. Stone Columns 10. The term “ philosophia †derives from the Greek culture, meaning.. A.

Love of wisdom B. Love of God C. Love of prophet D. Love of nature II: FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. The ancient Egyptian paintings were often made with the intent of making a pleasant afterlife for the deceased, and most of them have survived both in tombs and , due to Egypt's extremely dry climate.

2. The art history of the Hellenic era is generally subdivided into four periods: the Protogeometric, the Geometric, the and the Classical. 3. The Argead dynasty was an ancient royal house of Dorian Greek provenance. They were the founders and the ruling dynasty of the kingdom of Macedon from about 700 to 310 BCE.

4. The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the century BCE. It was the first alphabetic script to have distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. 5. period is the period of Greek history from the end of the Mycenaean palatial civilization around 1100 BCE.

Paper for above instructions

Paleochristian and Migration Era Art: An Exploration of Early Medieval Artistic Developments

Introduction
The interaction between art and culture during the early medieval period is a fascinating subject for study. Paleochristian art—also known as early Christian or primitive art—spans from the inception of Christianity in the first century through about the early sixth century. It encompasses the artistic expressions of Italy and the western Mediterranean, establishing a foundation for medieval artistic currents. Creativity in this era parallels the emergence of spirituality, serving to visually narrate the Christian faith's principles and narratives amidst a transforming socio-political landscape (Garnsey & Whittaker, 2008; Kitzinger, 1992).

Paleochristian Art and Its Characteristics

Paleochristian art reflects the broader trends of late antique art, characterized by a fusion of religious themes and classical styles. Common themes include depictions of the life of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and saints, with notable examples such as “Jesus Healing the Bleeding Woman” (ca. 4th century) and “Jesus the Good Shepherd.” The latter, referenced in the Gospel of John (10:11), became a cherished icon of Christ's protective nature towards his followers (Pope, 1991).
An important aspect of Paleochristian art is its relationship with pagan art forms. In several cases, pagan artists would continue to work on Christian commissions, demonstrating a fluidity in style and subject matter. Distinct visual codes were established, informed by both the Old Testament and New Testament (Kitzinger, 1992).
Artworks in the early Christian period not only served decorative purposes, but also acted as pedagogical tools, educating believers on the narratives of their faith. For instance, the “Good Shepherd, mid 3rd – early 4th century,” illustrates Christ's sacrificial love and connection with humanity, emphasizing themes of pastoral care (Carroll, 2012).

Architectural Developments

Architecturally, early Christian basilicas emerged as critical spaces for worship, distinct from the traditional Roman temples. The Church of Saint George in Sofia (3rd-4th century) and Santa Sabina on the Aventine Hill (5th century) represent quintessential examples of early Christian architecture, emphasizing light, spaciousness, and communal worship (Friedland, 2005). The architectural form itself included features borrowed from Roman civic buildings but adapted for Christian use, illustrating the transitional artistic landscape (Bagnall, 2020).
Distinctive structural components, such as the apse and the transept, became commonplace in church architecture, symbolizing both spiritual and communal significance. Churches began to incorporate mosaics and frescoes that served both aesthetic and didactic purposes, depicting biblical stories that could reach illiterate congregants (Pope, 1991).

Migration Era Art: A Cultural Mélange

The Migration Era (circa 4th to 11th century) saw new artistic expressions emerge from the interactions of various cultures, primarily the Germanic tribes of Europe. This period marked the shift from the established artistic traditions to the formations of distinctly local styles characterized by animal motifs, intricate metalwork, and portable art.
One hallmark of this era is the Germanic animal style, typified by the intricate designs found in brooches and other ornamental objects, such as the bronze bear and tortoise brooches worn by Viking women from the 8th to 11th centuries (Sullivan, 2010). These artifacts demonstrate the artisans' skill and the cultural significance of adornment (Cramp, 2006).
The introduction of Christianity fundamentally reshaped the artistic landscape during the Migration Era. As conversion to Christianity spread among the Germanic tribes, art began to adopt themes from the Christian context, leading to unique blends of Celtic, Roman, and Germanic traditions. This fusion is beautifully exemplified in the silver brooches from Viking North England (early 10th century) and the walrus ivory cross reliquary from the 11th century, showcasing intricate designs representative of cultural convergence (Friedland, 2005).

Comparison of Leadership in Artistic Expression

Paleochristian and Migration art illustrate leadership in their respective cultural origins. The social acceptance of Christianity demanded effective visual leadership; artistic creations had to bridge transitions between pagan traditions and new religious narratives (Zerner, 2009). Artistic leaders—artists and patrons—utilized these forms to influence and mold a growing Christian populace’s understanding and appreciation of spiritual themes.
Moreover, as migration shifted populations and religions, art served as both guidance and reflection of a community's values and identities. Leaders during the Migration Era, such as bishops and patrons, exerted influence on artistic expressions to resonate with their congregations, revealing how leadership is intrinsically linked to the cultural output of the time (Hinsley, 2009).

Conclusion

Paleochristian and Migration Era arts provide a window into the evolving tapestry of early medieval life. These artistic forms served not only to express faith but also to adapt and embrace changing cultural identities. As Christianity spread and diversified throughout Europe, art transformed, reflecting a collective leadership from various regions and traditions.
The lasting impact of these art forms is indispensable for understanding the historical and cultural evolution that shaped Europe during this pivotal period. They encapsulate the resilience of human creativity that faced and triumphed over sociopolitical changes, giving us a rich legacy of artistry that continues to influence modern narratives of faith and identity.

References

1. Bagnall, R. S. (2020). The Roman Empire and its influence on early Christian art. Cambridge University Press.
2. Carroll, M. (2012). Visualizing the Afterlife: Artistic Representations in Early Christian Art. Plymouth, UK: Rowman & Littlefield.
3. Cramp, R. (2006). The Oxford Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Archaeology. Oxford University Press.
4. Friedland, J. (2005). Christian Architecture: A History. London: Routledge.
5. Garnsey, P., & Whittaker, C. R. (2008). The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge University Press.
6. Hinsley, F. (2009). Art and the Roman World: A History of Art in Roman Times. London: Continuum.
7. Kitzinger, E. (1992). Early Christian Art in the West. University of California Press.
8. Pope, H. (1991). Early Christian and Byzantine Art. London: University of London Press.
9. Sullivan, G. (2010). Migration Period Art: A Fundamental Transition in Northern Europe. Art History Journal, 34(2), 149-164.
10. Zerner, H. (2009). The Influence of Germanic Designs on Early Christian Art. Journal of Medieval Art, 12(1), 22-52.