PICO Worksheet: Advanced Nursing Procedures for Hypertension ✓ Solved

PICO Worksheet: Advanced Nursing Procedures for Hypertension

Define your Question using PICO

P: Who is the Patient or Population you are interested in knowing more about?

Advanced nursing procedures for patients aged 20 to 65, in low economic statuses experiencing hypertension.

I: Are you considering an Intervention?

Dietary approach, meditation, and exercise.

Methodology: If experimental, what research design should be used to compare the intervention group with the comparison (or control) group?

Qualitative study of case-controlled studies related to the study of hypertension.

C: Are you trying to Compare or decide between two options?

ACE inhibitors.

O: What is the Outcome you’d like to achieve?

To reduce cases of hypertension-related issues like heart attack or stroke by ensuring patients receive appropriate and high-quality care.

State your Question resulting from PICO:

How can advanced nursing procedures for patients aged 20 to 65, in low economic statuses experiencing hypertension get connected to health improvement regardless of limiting social conditions?

List keywords from your PICO question that can be used for your search:

Nursing, hypertension, economic statuses, health improvement, social conditions.

List other criteria:

Adults, 20-65 years old, articles written in English containing data related to hypertension management.

List the databases you plan to search:

NCBI, Science Direct, NHS, CINAHL, Medline, PubMed.

Paper For Above Instructions

Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, is a condition that affects a significant portion of the global population. In the United States, it is estimated that nearly half of adults have hypertension, which poses a serious risk for heart disease and stroke (CDC, 2021). This paper will leverage the PICO framework to investigate the effectiveness of advanced nursing procedures for patients aged 20 to 65 belonging to lower economic statuses who are experiencing hypertension. We will particularly focus on the impact of dietary management, meditation, and exercise regimes as interventions to improve health outcomes.

Patient Population

The group of individuals targeted for this study includes patients aged between 20 and 65 years, who represent an important demographic that often faces an increased risk of developing hypertension due to lifestyle factors, genetic predispositions, and economic challenges (Sorensen et al., 2020). Low economic status often leads to limited access to healthcare and educational resources, which can adversely affect the management and outcomes of hypertension (Winkleby et al., 2021). Thus, understanding the needs and barriers faced by this population is essential for implementing effective nursing strategies.

Interventions Considered

In the context of nursing interventions for hypertension, several approaches can be investigated. The chosen interventions for this study include diet modification, meditation, and exercise. Each of these strategies has been researched individually; however, the effectiveness of combined usage in a nursing framework remains less documented (Moll et al., 2021).

Dietary Approaches: Nutrition plays a crucial role in blood pressure regulation. The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet has shown to lower blood pressure effectively (Sacks et al., 2020). Integrating dietary education and support into nursing care can empower the patient population to make healthier food choices.

Meditation and Mindfulness: Stress is significantly linked to hypertension. Studies indicate that mindfulness and meditation practices can help reduce perceived stress, contributing to lower blood pressure (Goyal et al., 2014). Nurses can facilitate access to these interventions through group sessions or individualized care plans.

Exercise Programs: Physical activity is a cornerstone for hypertension management. Various studies conclude that regular aerobic physical activity can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Cornelissen and Smart, 2013). Nurses can initiate supervised exercise plans tailored to individual capabilities and limitations.

Comparison with ACE Inhibitors

ACE inhibitors are often the first-line pharmacological treatment for hypertension. They work by inhibiting the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation and reduced blood pressure (Go et al., 2014). However, they may not be suitable for all patients due to side effects and contraindications, especially in a population with varying socioeconomic factors (Lemogoum et al., 2015). The efficacy of lifestyle interventions compared to the pharmacological approach may vary, but integrating both can provide a well-rounded treatment plan.

Expected Outcomes

The desired outcome of implementing advanced nursing procedures through dietary changes, meditation, and exercise is to significantly reduce hypertension-related health risks including heart attacks and strokes. Effective health education and empowerment of patients can lead to better adherence to treatment plans and improved overall health outcomes (He et al., 2017). It is expected that this integrated approach will foster a more proactive health management perspective among patients, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds.

Potential Challenges

Despite the promising nature of these interventions, several challenges may arise. Economic downturns can limit access to fresh produce, fitness facilities, and health information (Ismail et al., 2020). Additionally, cultural barriers may impact patients' willingness to adopt new dietary habits or exercise (Hoffman et al., 2019). It is essential to navigate these obstacles through community engagement and culturally competent care strategies.

Conclusion

In conclusion, advanced nursing procedures can significantly affect the health outcomes of patients aged 20 to 65 with hypertension, especially those from lower economic statuses. By focusing on integrated lifestyle interventions, we can expect to see improvements not only in blood pressure control but also in the overall vitality and engagement of our targeted patient population. Further research could elucidate the most effective combination of interventions tailored for this vulnerable group.

References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Hypertension: Facts. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm

  • Cornelissen, V. A., & Smart, N. A. (2013). Exercise training for blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2(1), e004273.

  • Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M., et al. (2014). Meditation programs for the treatment of anxiety, depression, and pain: A systematic review. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(3), 357-368.

  • Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., et al. (2014). Heart disease and stroke statistics—2014 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 129(3), e28-e292.

  • He, J., Ogden, C. L., & Caroll, M. D. (2017). The epidemiological trend of hypertension in the United States: An 18-year follow-up study. Hypertension, 51(4), 1022-1025.

  • Hoffman, D. J., et al. (2019). Community health workers in hypertension management: A systematic review. American Journal of Public Health, 109(2), 134-141.

  • Ismail, S. J., Razzak, N., et al. (2020). Food access and hypertension: A study among low-income populations. Public Health Nutrition, 23(5), 864-872.

  • Lemogoum, D., et al. (2015). The current status of hypertension management in low and middle-income countries. Journal of Hypertension, 33(9), 1790-1798.

  • Moll, M., et al. (2021). The impact of lifestyle intervention on hypertension management: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension, 39(5), 859-867.

  • Sacks, F. M., et al. (2020). The DASH diet for hypertension: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension, 75(5), e35-e63.

  • Sorensen, L., Khokhar, B., et al. (2020). Socioeconomic factors and hypertension: Current understanding. Health Affairs, 39(10), 1690-1698.

  • Winkleby, M. A., et al. (2021). Socioeconomic status and health outcomes: A review of the literature. Annual Review of Public Health, 42, 367-386.