Problem 8.131 Part A Acid spills are often neutralized with sodium carbonate or

Question

Problem 8.131

Part A

Acid spills are often neutralized with sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate. For the neutralization of acetic acid, the unbalanced equations are
(1) CH3CO2H(l)+Na2CO3(s)CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
(2) CH3CO2H(l)+NaHCO3(s)CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)
Balance both equations.

Express your answers as chemical equations separated by a comma. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

2CH3CO2H(l)+Na2CO3(s)2CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l),CH3CO2H(l)+NaHCO3(s)CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)

Correct

Part B

How many kilograms of each substance is needed to neutralize a 3.800 gallon spill of pure acetic acid (density = 1.049 g/ml)?

Enter your answers using four significant figures separated by a comma.

13.32,21.11

Correct

Part C

How much heat in kilojoules is absorbed or liberated in each reaction? See Appendix B for standard heats of formation; Hf = -726.1 kJ/mol for CH3CO2Na(aq).

Enter your answers using three significant figures separated by a comma. NOTE: (-1450,-726), (-182,-182), (-33.5, 28.9) ARE ALL INCORRECT ATTEMPTS!

kJ

2CH3CO2H(l)+Na2CO3(s)2CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l),CH3CO2H(l)+NaHCO3(s)CH3CO2Na(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)

Explanation / Answer

PART A

1) 2CH3CO2H(l) + Na2CO3(s)= 2CH3CO2Na(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l).

2) CH3CO2H(l) + NaHCO3(s) = CH3CO2Na(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l).

PART B

13.32kg, 21.11kg

PART C

dHf.. NaHCO3(s) = -947.7 kJ/mol dHf.. Na2CO3(s) = -1130.9 kJ/mol dHf.. CO2(g) = -393.5 kJ/mol
dHf.. H2O(l) = -285.8 kJ/mol dHf.. acetic acid = -483.5 kJ/mol dHf.. CH3CO2Na = -726.1 kJ/mol

For the first reaction
dHrxn = (2x(-726.1) + 1x(-393.5) + 1x(-285.5)) - (2x(-483.5) + 1x(-1130.9)) kJ/mol = -33.3 kJ/mol.

dHrxn = (1x(-726.1) + 1x(-393.5) + 1x(-285.5)) - (1x(-483.5) + 1x(-947.7)) kJ/mol = 26.1 kJ/mol.

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