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SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS: Give two examples of how your solubility tests verify the rule that "likes dissolve likes". Example from the solubility tests with water: 1. Example from the solubility tests with hexane:

Explanation / Answer

Answer 1:

Examples of how solubility verifies the rule 'like dissolves like' are:

A) Examples from the solubility test with water:

If we add vinegar in water, it gets dissolved in water due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

Also, alcohol is soluble in water due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

If we add hexane, it does not dissolve due to very weak interactions between polar water and non- polar hexane molecules.

B) Examples from the solubility test with water:

If we add petroleum ether in hexane, it dissolves to make the clear solution.

If we add NaCl in hexane, it does not dissolve.

Answer 2:

There are many functional groups which are acidic in their aqueous solutions and gives red colour which Cu2+ reagent(in the alkaline medium).

Examples are:

Monosaccharides & disaccharides except for sucrose,

Formic acid,

alpha-hydroxy aldehyde & ketones,

Succinaldehyde,

Pyruvaldehyde

Always remember Fehling test and Benedict tests.

These compounds are oxidised in the presence of Cu2+ reagent and Cu2+  reduces to Cu2O which is red in colour.

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