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In your own words, define salinity and what its measures. What is the average sa

ID: 107566 • Letter: I

Question

In your own words, define salinity and what its measures.

What is the average salinity of the oceans? Be sure to include the value and the units.

How is chlorinity related to salinity? Explain.

What happens to local salinity when evaporation rates increase: Rises or Lowers?

What happens to local salinity when ice formation rates increase: Rises or Lowers?

What happens to local salinity when rain increases: Rises or Lowers?

What happens to local salinity when river input increases: Rises or Lowers?

Where is surface salinity highest in the world ocean (in general)? Why?

Where is surface salinity lowest in the world ocean (in general)? Why?

What happens to gas solubility when pressure increases: Rises or Lowers?

What happens to gas solubility when temperature increases: Rises or Lowers?

What happens to gas solubility when salinity increases: Rises or Lowers?

Which gas is highest in abundance in the atmosphere?

Which gas is highest in abundance in the oceans? Why?

Which of the following processes increases oxygen in the oceans?

atmospheric interaction

decomposition

photosynthesis

respiration

volcanic outgassing

Which of the following processes increases carbon dioxide in the oceans?

atmospheric

interaction

decomposition

photosynthesis respiration

volcanic outgassing

What does pH measure? Be specific and include your own definition.

In 1 liter of water there is more H+ than OH-, what kind of solution is it: Acidic, Neutral, or Basic?

The pH ranges from 1 to 14. What is the pH range for basic solutions?

What is the pH range for neutral solutions? acidic solutions?

What is the average pH of the oceans?

What is the average pH of coffee?   

What is the average pH of blood?    

What is the average pH of rum?

The log book listed five biogeochemical cycles. Pick ONE and describe in your own words how the cycle works. Create or include an illustration to go along with your description.

Explanation / Answer

STEP 1

Define salinity and what its measures

  The concentration of dissolved salt in a given volume of water is called salinity.

Salinity is the measure of all the salts dissolved in water. Salinity is usually measured in parts per thousand (ppt or )

STEP 2

What is the average salinity of the oceans?

he average ocean salinity is 35ppt

STEP 3

How is chlorinity related to salinity? Explain.

The empirical relationship between salinity and chlorinity, as established by the International Commission, is


[Equation]

The chlorinity that appears in this equation is also a defined quantity and does not represent the actual amount of chlorine in a sample of sea water. Both salinity and chlorinity are always expressed in grams per kilogram of sea water—that is, in parts per thousand, or per mille, for which the symbol ‰ is used.

STEP 4

What happens to local salinity when evaporation rates increase: Rises or Lowers?

Rises.

What happens to local salinity when ice formation rates increase: Rises or Lowers?

Rises

What happens to local salinity when rain increases: Rises or Lowers?

Lowers

What happens to local salinity when river input increases: Rises or Lowers?

Rises