Part 1. Determine whether each statement occurs during Phase I or Phase II metab
ID: 109197 • Letter: P
Question
Part 1. Determine whether each statement occurs during Phase I or Phase II metabolism? Functional groups are added or exposed to xenobiotics. _______________________ Compounds are formed such as glucuronides, sulfates, and glutathione adducts. ___________________________ A functional group must be present on a parent compound. _________________________ The primary enzyme is cytochrome P-450. _________________________ Part 2. Answer the following questions: 1. What’s the most important organ in metabolism? 2. What are ways we excrete chemicals? 3. What individual factors influence metabolism?
Explanation / Answer
PART 1:
1. Functional groups are added or exposed to xenobiotics.( Occurs during PHASE 1 metabolism reaction)
2. A functional group must be present on a parent compound.( Occurs during PHASE 2 metabolism reaction)
3. The primary enzyme is cytochrome P-450.( Occurs during PHASE 2 metabolism reaction)
PART 2:
1. All organs in the body have the capability to metabolize upto some extent. But Liver is the main organ in metabolism, because glucose is released from the liver into blood. Major metabolic pathway Glycolysis (breakdown of glucose into energy molecules). So liver is considered as the most important organ in metabolism.
2. Excretory system in a human body is a system which removes waste products from body. Chemicals can enter the human body in one or many ways like direct contact may penetrate into skin directly, or chemicals may enter the body through inhalation. Once chemical enters the body, it easily gets mixed up with bloodstream through distribution and can move throughout the body. The chemicals can be excreted through Kidneys are the major organs to excrete water, urea and other waste products from the body in form of Urine. Through Defecation solid undigested waste like feces are removed or maybe through respiratory system.
3. Large number of factors influence metabolism in different ways. Body weight,size and gender, age, climate and hormone levels are some of the important factors. Because metabolism rates increase if body height, weight and fat increase). And when it comes to gender Women have some metabolism percentage low than compared to men.