Please I want someone answer all these questions 2. Describe the differences bet
ID: 114871 • Letter: P
Question
Please I want someone answer all these questions
2. Describe the differences between infiltration and runoff. Infiltration is water that enters the soil from the surface of the earth, whereas runoff is water that runs on top of the Earth's surface. Source(s): 3. Describe the differences between evaporation and transpiration. Evaporation is the process of liquid water at the Earth's surface transforming to water vapor in the atmosphere. Transpiration is the loss of liquid water from plants. Source(s): What is the water table? What is the zone of aeration? What is the zone of saturation? 4. The water table is the contact between the unsaturated("dry") soil and saturated (continuously wet) so it separates the zone of aeration (unsaturated soil) and the zone of saturation (perpetually wet soil) Source(s): 5. What is the relationship between the water table and surface topography? Shape of the water table is commonly a subdued replica ofthe land surface topography. Source(s) 6. What is recharge? What is discharge? Recharge is n area in which an aquifer gains water into the groundwater system (e.g. topographic high area in which surface water and/or precipitation can accumulate and infiltrate into the groundwater system) Discharge is an area in which an aquifer looses water from the groundwater system (e.g. a river in which groundwater becomes surface water) Source(s)Explanation / Answer
2. Differences between infiltration and runoff
Infiltration is the process of slow movement of water through the soil layers to inside the earth. Run off or surafce run off is the process of flow of water over the land as surface watre rather than being absorbed inside the soil. When the precipitation rate is very high and the infiltartion rate is low or gets saturated, no more water will be infiltered to the soil and this triggers the run off.
3. Evaporation and transpiration
Evaporation is a physical process in which liquid water is changed to its gaseous state and released into the atmosphere. Evaporation stops when the air is saturated. Transpiration is a physiological process occuring in plant through which water is lost through stomata. Stomata are the small plant tissues located under teh surafce of the leaves that are connected to vascular plant tissues.
4. Water table, zone of aeration and saturation
Water table is also called as groundwater table is thh upper level of an underground surface in which the soil or rocks are permanently saturated with water. Zone of aeration is the region that lies in between the water table and and the earth' surface. The main composition of this zone is soil and rocks, with pores partially filled with air and water. Zone of aeration is also called as vadose zone. Water table seperates the vadose zone from the zone of saturation. Zone of saturation is otherwise called as phreatic zone, This zone is the one that lies below the water table in which all the pore are completely saturated with water.
5. Relation between water table and topography
Water table often, but not always follows tthe topography of the earth surface due to the capillary effect in soils, sediments and other porous media.
6. Recharge and discharge
the hydrologic process through which the water on the surface of the earth moves downwards and reches the ground water is called as recharge. This process occurs at the zone of aeration where the pore are partially fileld with air and water. The main source of recharge is precipitaion such as rain. Groundwater disharge is the volumetric flow rate of water in an aquifer. This term is primarily used to describe the movement of groundwater from subsurface to the surface. Natural disharge occurs into lakes, streams, springs etc .
7. Porosity and permeability
Porosity is the measure of total number of pore spaces available within a rock. The pore spaces may be fractures, cracks, cavities or void spaces between the grains. In other words porosity is the measure of ability of a rock to hold water. Permeability is the ability of a rock to transmit water through pore spaces. Permeability results only when the pore spaces are interconnected.
8. Aquifer
Aquifer is type of rock that can hold and transmit water in enormous amounts. Aquifer is a rock which is highly porous and permeable. Gravel and sand forms the best aquifers because they have high porosity and permeability. Where as clay is not a good aquifer, rather it can be defines as an aquiclude which have very low permeability and hence water cannot be transmitted.
9. Aquitard
Aquitard are the rocks which are impermeable, such as aquiclude or aquifuge. Clay forms the best aquitard, becuase of its very low permeability.