Referring to the following mutations: Mutations are RED and UNDERLINED at postio

Question

Referring to the following mutations:

Mutations are RED and UNDERLINED at postions 07, 18, 24, and 36.

000 000 000 111 111 111 122 222 222 223 333 333 333
123 456 789 012 345 678 901 234 567 890 123 456 789

AUG GGG AUU UGU GGU GAA GAA AAC CUC CAU CGU UAU UGA
AUG GGG CUU UGU GGU GAG GAA AAG CUC CAU CGU UAG UGA

MY GUESSES AS TO WHAT THESE MUTATIONS ARE:

(07):   AUU------CUU transversion, point mutation,

(18):  GAA--------GAG point mutation, transition

(24): AAC ------AAG   point mutation,transversion

(36):  UAU------>UAG  point mutation,missense, 

Explanation / Answer

First mutation: AUU codes for isoleucine while CUU codes for leucine. As both are aliphatic amino acids the effect of the mutation on the protein is mild. The structure of the protein is not changed. Second mutation: GAA codes for glutamic acid and GAG also codes for the same amino acid. Hence this is a silent mutation. Third mutation: AAC codes for asparagine and AAG codes for Lysine. As asparagine is uncharged and lysine is charged, this mutation will have an effect on the structure and function of the protein. Fourth mutation: UAU codes for tyrosine while UAG is a stop codon. This results in premature termination of protein synthesis. This will change the shape and structure of the protein. The function of the protein might be affected.

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