I only need Part C - I only need Part C - The smallpox vaccine is highly effecti
ID: 150778 • Letter: I
Question
I only need Part C
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I only need Part C
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The smallpox vaccine is highly effective in immunizing against smallpox when given as late as 2-3 days after exposure. Currently the vaccine is in short supply and is available in different dosages. A double-blind study was performed to compare the efficacy of the undiluted vaccine compared to different doses of the diluted vaccine. Eighty participants were selected froma large applicant pooL(>5000 people from 30 different states in the U.S.) Healthy adults 18 to 30 years.of age were eligible if they had no vaccination scar, normal kidney and liver function, negative tests for hepatitis-8 and hepatitis Cvirus, and a.negative HIV-1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Once selected, participants were each randomly assigned to the 1) undiluted vaccine dose, 2)1:10 diluted vaccine dose,or the 3) 1:100 diluted vaccine dose, or 4) placebo with twenty in each-group. Once a day for 10 days, blood samples were collected from the study participants. Two techniques were used to mea sure the cytotoxic T cell response (measured as lytic units per 10s cellston-a-daily basis. The first assay, chromium release assay (CRA), is a well-controlled, standard assay, but is not very sensitive and may misrepresent the number of active T-cells. The second assay, enzyme-linked assay (ELISPOT), is newer and designed to be more sensitive. At the end of the 10 days, a final cytotoxic T-cell response was measured using both assays in all patients and compared across treatments. Researchers also determined if there was formation of a vesicle at the inoculation-site 7-9 days after the vaccination treatment and assigned each individual as a clinical success or failure. In the manuscript that the researchers submitted, the number of clinical successes and cytotoxic T-cell response decreased as the dilution increased. The cytotxic T-cell response increased from the day the vaccine was given to the last day of the trial. The T-cell response also varied more widely in the 1:100 diluted vaccine dose. All cytotoxic T-cell measurements differed between the two assays for each patient. (Rosner 2011) 1.Explanation / Answer
c)
Thus, these are the positive and negative aspect of the study .