Please answer true or false for each question. The specific energy diagram has t
ID: 1714611 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer true or false for each question.
The specific energy diagram has three distinet regions. Along the upper limb. speeirie enersy is sreater than minimum speciio energy. yyand the flow elasxified as supereritical since the depth or how, y s reater (superior to) the critical depth o now. ye 1n open channel now, normal depth, y", van ex with flow nate, channel geometry, channel slope, and channel roughness. On the other hand, yc varies only with low rate and channel geometry depth cha On the other rate and chann TWhen two pumps are connected in series in a pipeline, the pressure head is increased but the discharge remains the same as with a single pump An open channel that is hydraulically mild for one flow ean be hydraally steep ror a diterent now. A control is a channel eature that regulates the state of flow. In the pure sense, a control forces aunique relationship between depth and disoharge. The most ideal control is a ertial control. Given an M2 flow profile (draw-down curve on a mild slope), the specifie neTEy increase in the downstream Open ¢hannel 8lopas. are classified as hydraulically steep or mild based on a oornparison of the critical and normal depths er now Ir ya the channel is lassified as hydraulieally steep, beeause uni form low would be supercritical When the rotational speed ot a pump is ohanged. the capacity Cpumped flow rate varies directly as the speed and head varies directly as the square of the speed Turbo-hydraulie pumps include radial flow. axial f1ow. and mixed flow pumps. Striely defined, a centrifiugal pump is a radial-flow pump only. However, colloquial usage in the United States eonsidera a eentrifugal pump as any pump in which the fluid i energized by a rotating impeller, whether the f1ow is radial, axial. or a combination of both (mixed). grade ine (HGL)Oresponds to the free water surface for gravity Copen channe) tiow instorm sewers when a culvert is operating undor outlet control, th culvert barrel can carry more now than the inlet can pass, and elther subcritical or pressure flow exists in the pipe barrel. wetwell that stores incoming flow until it is pumped, one or more pumps, pump operation switehes, alarm, and a foree main is the acronym for round concrete pipe, CMP is the acronym for corrugated metal pipe, and HDPE is the acronym for high-density polycthylene pipe. t types include curb opening, grate, combination and slotted drain. A pipe network (water distribution ystem) is an inter oonnected set of pipes linking on, or more sou reosto ore cr more demand (delivery) points, aund can involves any numb r of pipes in seriex, branching pipes, and Pa allel Pipes. In any pipe network, the now into any junction must equal the flow out of it. This is known as loop continuity In any pipe network, the energy balance along a pipe or series of pipes must satisty the oonservation of energy principle as stated by the Bernoulli equation. Energy loss in any pipe or series of pipes is due to pipe friction and Self-cleansing velocities are required at the design now rate in sewers (both sanitary and storm) to assure sed ime,nt, d-bris s.nd other solid p rtelts are secured and tran-sportec, i.e., do not settle inside the sewer. The typical minimum velooity oriterion (nationwide is 3 fps 1.o ms). There are three fundamental steps in the sewer design process. These are cl) estimating the design flow tor each pipe. C2) designing each pipe, and (3) oheoking the hydraulio grade line. 3Explanation / Answer
1) False,
Because the actual depth greater than critical depth means the flow is sub critical flow.
2) True,
The normal depth is depends on all parameters, whereas critical depth will depends only on discharge , which in turns depends on froude number.
3) True, if series of pipes connected discharge will be same.
7) True, critical depth > normal depth then it is steep slope.
16) in pipe network inflow = outflow. This is called continuity equation.