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Question 1 (1 point) Respiratory surfaces in all vertebrates have all of the lis

ID: 172713 • Letter: Q

Question

Question 1 (1 point)

Respiratory surfaces in all vertebrates have all of the listed features except

Question 1 options:

A

moist epithelia.

B

large surface area.

C

thick epithelial barrier.

D

a very high degree of vascularization.

E

All of the listed characteristics would apply to vertebrate respiratory surfaces.

Question 2 (1 point)

Which of the following were listed as challenges associated with respiration in water?

Question 2 options:

A

The density of water is high relative to air.

B

Water holds less oxygen than air.

C

Water requires additional energy expenditure to move across epithelial surfaces.

D

Water moving across epithelial surfaces can remove heat from the animal.

E

All of the statements concerning respiration in water are correct.

Question 3 (1 point)

The main phenomenon that increases the efficiency of gas exchange in fish gills is the

Question 3 options:

A

tidal flow exchange mechanism.

B

countercurrent exchange mechanism.

C

high degree of oxygen saturation of water.

D

back-and-forth movement of water that maximizes oxygen uptake.

E

All of the statements about gill efficiency are correct.

Question 4 (1 point)

In the alveoli

Question 4 options:

A

oxygen diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.

B

oxygen diffuses out of the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood.

C

both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse out of the blood.

D

both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse into the blood.

E

no exchange of gas with blood occurs.

Question 5 (1 point)

Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because

Question 5 options:

A

pressure in the alveoli increases.

B

the diaphragm contracts and pushes upward into the thoracic cavity.

C

the volume of the thoracic cavity increases.

D

the pressure in the alveoli decreases.

E

Two of the above are correct.

A

moist epithelia.

B

large surface area.

C

thick epithelial barrier.

D

a very high degree of vascularization.

E

All of the listed characteristics would apply to vertebrate respiratory surfaces.

Explanation / Answer

Explanation:

1) Respiratory surfaces in all vertebrates have features like moist epithelia,thick epithelial barrier and a very high degree of vascularization except large surface area.

Vertibrates have small surface area relative to their body size.In vertebrates gas exchange takes place at a specialized region that is respiratory organ.Example of respiratory organs:Gills in Fish and lungs in humans.

2)Water holds less oxygen than in air are challanges in associated with respiration in water.Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water as compared to oxygen.

3)The phenomena that increases the efficiency of gas exchange in fish gills is the Countercurrent exchange mechanism.

Countercurrent oxygen exchange mechanism means the blood flows through the gills in the opposite direction as the water flowing over the gills. Blood flow in fish is in opposite direction to the water flow ,so that gills captures more oxygen from water and that oxygenated blood is transfered to whole body of the fish,like wise oxygen continues to flow from water to blood..

4) In the alveoli,oxygen diffuses into blood,while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood.Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses in to alveoli through the walls, lined with the capillaries having blood. The oxygen is then carried by the blood to the body tissues.