Pig outline with major organs/structures of the respiratory and circulatory syst
ID: 173975 • Letter: P
Question
Pig outline with major organs/structures of the respiratory and circulatory systems drawn in and labeled rightarrow Answers to the following questions: 1. Where is the pharynx? What structures are connected to it? 2. List the major vessels attached to the left and right atrium, and left and right ventricles. 3. Where is the aorta? Where does it lead from and to ? 4. There are four sets of valves in the heart. Name them, and describe their location. 5. Describe the pathway of a drop of blood starting in the right atrium and ending in the left foot. 6. List two major differences between bird lungs and the mammalian lungs.Explanation / Answer
1.Pharynx is the part of the throat. It is present behind the mouth and nasal cavity and above the oesophagus and the larynx.
Pharynx is the part of the digestive system and also the conducting tone of the respiratory system. It is divided into nasopharynx, oropharnynx, larygopharynx.
1. Nasopharnyx :- The back section of the nasal cavity.
2. Oral pharnyx: the oral pharynx begins at the back of the mouth cavity and continuous down the throat of the epiglottis, a flap of tissue that covers the air Passage to the lungs.
Isthamus connecting the oral and nasal regions is extremely beneficial in humans, it allows them to breathe through weather the nose of the mouth.
3. Laryngeal pharynx: which begins at the epiglottis and lead down to the oesophagus.
It rugulates the passage of air to the lungs and food to the oesophagus.
2. The heart consists of 4chambers right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle and left ventricle. The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation, the left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.
Superior Vena cava and inferior Vena cava and aorta are the great vessels attached to the right Atrium.
Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle into the Alveolar capillaries of the lungs, pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left Atrium. Aorta is the largest of the arteries in system circulation, blood is pumped from the left ventricle through the aortic value in to the aorta.
3.Aorta is the largest artery in the body, the aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle of heart the heart pumps blood from the left ventricle in to the aorta.
Aorta is divided into
Ascending aorta: coronary arteries is a branch of ascending aorta which supply the heart.
Aortic arch: gives rise to branches that brings blood to the head, neck and arms.
Descending aorta:supplies to the ribs and some chest structures.
Abdominal aorta: begins at the diaphragm, splitting to become the paired iliac arteries in the lower abdomen.
4. The heart valve is normally allows blood to flow in only one direction. two atrioventricular valves: they are mitral valve (bicuspid) and tricuspid valve which is present between the right Atrium and right ventricle.
two semilunar valve: aortic value and pulmonary value, which is present between the left atria and left ventricle.
5.right atrium
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Right ventricle
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Pulmonary artery
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Lungs
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Pulmonary veins
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Left auricle
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Left ventricle
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Aortic semilunar valve
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aorta
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Iliac artery.
6. Birds Lungs do not expand or contract like the lungs of mammals.
in the bird lungs the gas exchange occurs in the walls of microscopic tubules called a tabular is in the capillaries, in the mammals lungs exchange of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide occurs in microscopic sacs alled Alveoli.