Please show work: A) B & C) E) c. (6) What is the major energy source for hurric

Question

Please show work:

A)

B & C)

E)

c. (6) What is the major energy source for hurricanes and tropical storms? How is it different or similar to the energy source of midlatitude cyclones? 2. Satellite interpretation (28) a. (8 Figure 1 depicts a wave cyclone at various stages in its life cycle. Label each panel appropriately (choose from: beginning of occlusion, occluded mature cyclone, a dissipating cyclone and an upper trough exciting a wave on a frontal band) and enter the fronts on each figure.

Explanation / Answer

Implementation of LTE is based on new multiple access

schemes on the air interface: OFDMA (Orthogonal

Frequency Division Multiple Access) in downlink and SCFDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access)

in uplink. Usage of SC-FDMA in uplink eliminates intra-cell

interference. But as 3GPP LTE is designed for frequency

reuse 1 the existence of inter cell interference cannot be

neglected. Since both data and control channels are sensitive

to inter cell interference there should be PowerControl (PC)

functionality in uplink to minimize the effect of inter cell

interference.

In LTE, the standardized uplink power control formula

contains an open loop component and a closed loop

component. In open loop power control (OLPC), the

transmitting power is set at the user equipment (UE) using

parameters and measures obtained from signals sent by the

base station. In this case no feedback is sent to the UE

regarding the power to be used for transmission. The closed

loop component is considered to improve the performance of

FPC by compensating fast variations in channel. In closed

loop power control (CLPC) the base station sends feedback to

the UE, which is then used to correct the transmitting power.

Qualifying the power control technique as open loop and

closed loop helps to have an anticipated idea of the

implementation complexity and expected level of

performance. For example, it is presumed that a closed loop

power control scheme would require high signal overhead of

transmission but at the same time it would provide with a fast

mechanism to compensate for interference and channel

conditions. On the other hand, an open loop power control

would result in simpler implementation and low signaling but

would be unable to compensate for channel variations for

individual users.

The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section II

provides a detailed description of open loop power control

component. Section III briefly describes the closed loop

power control component. Section IV gives the details of

simulation setup and results followed by conclusions and

future work in section V.

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