Information ploenad ons) with large numbers of electrons, the ordering of the en
ID: 1770998 • Letter: I
Question
Information ploenad ons) with large numbers of electrons, the ordering of the energy levels gets quite edIncreased nuclear charge results in a lowering of energy for all orbitals, but the magnitude theeof the effect varies depending on both n and . One reason for this is the variation i the effectiveness of the shielding for these different orbitals. For example, an electron in a orbital is much less effectively screened from the nucleus than one in a 3d orbital because the 4 wavefunction has a much larger amplitude close to the nucleus. As atomic number increases, the energy of the 4s orbital is thus expected to become approximately equal to that of the 3d at some point. Exercises in Li 3. Explain why the ground state wavefunction of lithium is 123-41s(1is(22,(3) and not nuclear charge from every other electron 5. Write the expression for the classical electronic energy of a Be atom. Write the Hamiltonian operator for a Be atom. Write a trial function for the electrons in a Be atom.Explanation / Answer
3. Lithium has 3 electrons and it has the electronic structure of 1s2, 2s1. That's why, the function will be 123=1s(1)1s(2)2s(3).
4. This statement is very useful to explain the energy levels of the atoms. For example, it explains that why 3d orbital has more energy than 4s orbital. This is due to the screening of outer most electrons by the inner electrons.