Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that binds to the A site of the prokaryotic rib

Question

Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that binds to the A site of the prokaryotic ribosome. A-) What step of translation is this inhibiting and explain how this lead to bacterial cell death. B-) Bactroban is an antibiotic that binds to an enzyme that covalentky links the amino acid isoleucine onto the proper tRNA. Explain how this antibiotic leads to bacterial cell death

Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that binds to the A site of the prokaryotic ribosome. A-) What step of translation is this inhibiting and explain how this lead to bacterial cell death. B-) Bactroban is an antibiotic that binds to an enzyme that covalentky links the amino acid isoleucine onto the proper tRNA. Explain how this antibiotic leads to bacterial cell death

A-) What step of translation is this inhibiting and explain how this lead to bacterial cell death. B-) Bactroban is an antibiotic that binds to an enzyme that covalentky links the amino acid isoleucine onto the proper tRNA. Explain how this antibiotic leads to bacterial cell death

Explanation / Answer

Ans. A. Chloramphenicol binds to A-site of ribosomes during translation. A chloramphenicol-occupied A-site does not let new amino acids enter it. As a result, no newer amino acids are added onto the previously synthesized peptide. Thus, it inhibits the elongation steps of translation.

Ans. B. Bactroban binds to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - the enzyme that covalently links isoleucine to its specific tRNA. Thus, inhibition of isoleucine-specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase prevents charging of isoleucine. It further results no incorporation of isoleucine into the growing polypeptide chain. Therefore, translation stops at mRNA codon for isoleucine.

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