Part IV the following terms, fill in the circled, numbered, blank spaces to comp
ID: 190434 • Letter: P
Question
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Part IV: The answers for each blank spaces are given against their numbers on the blank spaces provided.
12) Somatic cells, Mitosis takes place in somatic cells to increase cell number in an organism wherein the chromosome number remains same as the parent cell in the daughter cell.
13) G1 phase, this is the part of interphase when cell prepares itself for division by manufacturing organelles, thus the metabolic activites inncrease in this phase and cell size is bigger.
14) G2 phase, Interphase continues to G2 phase in which protein synthesis continues in the cell and the cell is preparing to divide.
15) Mitosis, This is the actual stage in which cell division takes place. It has 4 major stages
16) DNA Replication, The result of S-phase is the replication of DNA, i.e., at the end of S-phase, the cell has double the amount of DNA it contained at the begining of the cell cycle.
17) Metaphase, This is the 2nd stage of mitosis in which chromosomes align at the equator (metaphasic plate) on the mitotoc spindle.
18) Telophase, This is the 4th stage of mitosis in which chmosomes start uncoiling to again form chromatin, nuclear envelope reappears and cytokinesis takes place to separate daughter cells.
19) Cytokinesis, This is the last step in cell cycle in which the daughter cell separate.
20) Chromatin, It is the name given to the chromosomes in their uncoiled stage as they are present during interphase inside the nucleus. During prophase, it condenses to form distinct structures termed as chromosomes.
21) Chromatids, The arms of replicated chromosome during prophase are termed as chromatids. In each chromosome, one chromatid is derived from the paternal chromosome and the other is derived from maternal chromosome.
22) Centromeres, The region where sister chromatids are joined to each other is termed as centromere. Mitotic spindle also attaches to centromere and serves to pull apart sister chromatids from centromere only.
23) Centrosomes, these are present in animal cells in organised form known as centriole and help to construct mitotic spindle composed of microtubules. In plant cells, their unorganised form is present which is simply termed as centrosome.