Please answer all questions. This is the second time I post the same question. T
ID: 204581 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer all questions. This is the second time I post the same question. The last person wasted one of the few questions I get to ask on this site. Thank you
Short Answer. Please answer the following in a short and easy way to understand. No large explanations please Thank you 1. Explain energy balance, include both positive and negative energy balance. 2. What is the difference between hypertrophic growth and hyperplastic growth of adipocytes during weight gain? 3. What is the difference between a fortified food and an enriched food? 4. What are the common characteristics of water- soluble vitamins? 8. What is pica? 9. Explain osteoblasts and osteoclasts and how they work together.
Explanation / Answer
1. Energy balance is the relationship between the amount of calories taken into the body through food and drink and the amount of calories being consumed by the body for the daily energy requirements.
Positive energy balance is when the calorie intake is greater than the calories expended. It leads to weight gain.
Negative energy balance is when the calories intake is less than the calories expended. It leads to weight loss.
2. Hypertrophic growth is the increase in the size of the adipocytes due to triglycerides.
Hyperplastic growth is the increase in the number of adipocytes.
3. Enriched foods are those in which nutrients have been added to replace the ones that have disappeared during the manufacturing process.
Fortified foods are those in which extra nutrients have been added by the food manufacturers, regardless of whether they were present before food processing or not. Fortification improves the nutritional profile of the foods.
4. Water soluble vitamins are easily absorbed and excreted in the urine. Water soluble vitamins are delicate and easily destroyed through storage and food preparation. They are not stored in large quantities, therefore their daily intake is required.
8. Pica is an eating disorder characterised by the injestion of non nutritive substances such as papaer, hair, paint, soil and chalk.
9. Osteoblasts are cells that form new bone.
Osteoclasts are the cells that dissolve the bone.
Osteoblast and osteoclasts work togther in the bone marrow to keeep forming and reforming bones. Osteoblasts form new bone while osteoclasts continually break down old bone.