A. Resistance to an antibiotic is caused by a mutation at a single nucleotide. T
ID: 211959 • Letter: A
Question
A. Resistance to an antibiotic is caused by a mutation at a single nucleotide. This mutation confers a selective benefit of 10^-5 and shows incomplete dominance with h=0.5. Given that the resistance mutation arises, what is the probability that it will go to fixation? Assume pop size is very big. (Answer should be 10^-5, right?)B. The genome of this yeast is one megabase (10^-6) nucleotides long. The per nucleotide mutation rate is 10^-8 per meiosis. What is the probability that the mutation arises de novo each generation from a single meiosis event? Show your work.
C. The yeast affects turkeys and at a turkey farm there are 100,000 of them and after administering the drug (pre resistance), yeast loads per individual drop to 10 cells. Generation time in yeast is 100 mins. Assuming no yeast migration btwn farms but migrantion btwn turkeys within farms, how long will it take in years for the turkey farm to become completely resistant to the drug? A. Resistance to an antibiotic is caused by a mutation at a single nucleotide. This mutation confers a selective benefit of 10^-5 and shows incomplete dominance with h=0.5. Given that the resistance mutation arises, what is the probability that it will go to fixation? Assume pop size is very big. (Answer should be 10^-5, right?)
B. The genome of this yeast is one megabase (10^-6) nucleotides long. The per nucleotide mutation rate is 10^-8 per meiosis. What is the probability that the mutation arises de novo each generation from a single meiosis event? Show your work.
C. The yeast affects turkeys and at a turkey farm there are 100,000 of them and after administering the drug (pre resistance), yeast loads per individual drop to 10 cells. Generation time in yeast is 100 mins. Assuming no yeast migration btwn farms but migrantion btwn turkeys within farms, how long will it take in years for the turkey farm to become completely resistant to the drug?
B. The genome of this yeast is one megabase (10^-6) nucleotides long. The per nucleotide mutation rate is 10^-8 per meiosis. What is the probability that the mutation arises de novo each generation from a single meiosis event? Show your work.
C. The yeast affects turkeys and at a turkey farm there are 100,000 of them and after administering the drug (pre resistance), yeast loads per individual drop to 10 cells. Generation time in yeast is 100 mins. Assuming no yeast migration btwn farms but migrantion btwn turkeys within farms, how long will it take in years for the turkey farm to become completely resistant to the drug?
Explanation / Answer
A. The fitness for a heterozygote is 1+hs, where h is the dominance and s is the selection coefficient.
Therefore, the fitness, F = 1 + 0.5 x10-5
F = 1+ 5x10-6
The probability of the fixation pF = 1- F
Therefore, pF = 5x10-6
B. the genome size = 106 base
Mutation rate = 10-8 per nucleotide per meiosis
Total 2n numbers of genome size will form in 1 meiosis. Therefore, 2 x 106 bases will participate in 1 meiosis.
Total mutation in the genome = 2 x 106 x 10-8
= 2 x 10-2
Therefore the probability of causing the mutation = Total mutations
The probability of causing the mutation = 2 x 10-2
The probability of causing the mutation = 0.02 or 2%