Answer the following question in paragraph form. A) Define what a genome is and
ID: 214383 • Letter: A
Question
Answer the following question in paragraph form. A) Define what a genome is and what genome annotation is. What is the purpose of sequencing and annotating a genome? B) What have we learned about the human genome, now that it has been sequenced and is being annotated? C) Define the C-value paradox. D) Finally, compare and contrast the human genome with that of the Protist, Amoeba dubia, which has one of the largest genomes ever measured. In other words, explain the C-value paradox in terms of the Amoeba dubia and human genomes.
Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Genome: It is basically a genetic material of an organism or you can say organism genetic material is called as the genome. It consists of DNA (RNA in viruses). The genome includes both the region i.e
A.The coding regions.
B. Non- coding regions.
Genome annotation: It the process of locating the individual genes and other features on raw DNA sequences, or you can say it is the process of finding and designating locations of individual genes.
B. Human genome:
Human genome is the complete set of the nucleic acid sequences for the humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosomes pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within the individual mitochondria.
Now it has been sequenced and annotated, here we know about the HUMAN GENOME PROJECT:
Human genome project produced the complete sequences of individual human genomes.
C. C-value paradox:
It is the amount,in picograms,of DNA contained within the Haploid nucleus(e.g a gamete) or one half of amount of diploid somatic cell of eukaryotic organism.
D. Amoeba dubia is the largest genomes which belong to a small creature, Amoeba dubia has 200 times more DNA than people. and thus it is in a term of C-value paradox.