Reply to 8 questions out of 10- give detailed and fulfilling replies What has th
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Question
Reply to 8 questions out of 10- give detailed and fulfilling replies What has the human genome project and modern day high through put sequencing taught us about diseases and genes versus environment? What type of information can we get and how can we use it? How can you tell if something is environmental or genetic? You can discuss the cases of heart diseases or cancers or other diseases. What is heritability? You can discuss Mendel's discoveries based on his ingenious analyses of the similarity of parents and offspring obtained via pea plant experiments - or you can think of artificial selection experiments (e g. the one I showed you on mice, selecting for size).Explanation / Answer
Human Genome Project(HGP) is an International scientific research project.it has number of laboratories involved.Funding was also done by US government.
.The primary goal of HGP was to map genes and sequence human DNA.
The DNA molecules are made up of two twisted paired strands.and each strad is a combination of 4 chemical units.and this is called as nucleotide bases.
The bases are adenine (A),thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Bases on opposite strands pair specifically an A always pairs with a T, and a C always with a G.
The human genome contains approx 3 billion of these base pairs.which reside in the 23 pairs of chromosomes within the nucleus of all our cells. each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes, which carry instructions for making proteins. and each of the estimated 30,000 genes in the human genome makes an average of three proteins.
It is benifited for many fields like molecular medicine to human evolution.it is helpful in finding the type of disease.and can be very much helpful to give correct and specified treatment through genetic therapy to the patient.
It is very much useful in finding the different forms of cancer and heart diseases.we can design the medication.it is helpful in forensic applied science,biofuels and other energy applications.
Genome based research will enable medical science to develop highly effective diagnostic tools.they are used to better understand the health needs of people based on their individual genetic make-ups, and to design new and highly effective treatments for disease.
For cancer
Cancer genome sequencing is the whole genome sequencing of a single, homogeneous or heterogeneous group of cancer cells.
cancer genome sequencing involves direct sequencing of primary tumor tissue, adjacent or distal normal tissue, the tumor micro environment such as fibroblast/stromal cells, or metastatic tumor sites.
Cancer genome sequencing allows clinicians and oncologists to identify the specific and unique changes a patient has to undergone to develop their cancer.
Based on these changes, a personalized therapeutic strategy can be undertaken
Another proposed benefit is the commercial development of genomics research related to DNA based products, a multibillion-dollar industry.
The sequence of DNA is stored in database and is available for all through internet.