Question 1 (0.5 point) Which of the following statements is true? • Catabolism i
ID: 259018 • Letter: Q
Question
Question 1 (0.5 point) Which of the following statements is true?
• Catabolism is the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones. Energy is generally absorbed during catabolism.
• Anabolism is the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones. Energy is generally absorbed during anabolism.
• Catabolism is the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones.Energy is generally released during catabolism.
• Anabolism is the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones.Energy is generally released during anabolism.
Question 2 (0.5 point) In metabolic pathways, the interconversion of _____________and __________is the most important process for the storage and release of energy.
• triacylglycerols and ATP
• ATP and ADP
• ADP and dipeptides
• dipeptides and enzymes
Question 3 (0.5 point) Which of the following statements is true?
• Energy is released when ATP is hydrolyzed to form ADP.
• Energy is released when ADP is hydrolyzed to form ATP.
• Energy is absorbed when ATP is hydrolyzed to form ADP
. • Energy is absorbed when ADP is hydrolyzed to form ATP.
Question 4 (0.5 point) Which of the following statements is true?
• An oxidizing agent causes an oxidation reaction to occur, so the oxidizing agent is oxidized.
• An oxidizing agent causes a reduction reaction to occur, so the oxidizing agent is oxidized.
• An oxidizing agent causes a reduction reaction to occur, so the oxidizing agent is reduced
• An oxidizing agent causes an oxidation reaction to occur, so the oxidizing agent is reduced.
Question 5 (0.5 point) Which of the following statements is true?
• NAD+ serves as an oxidizing agent, and in the process is reduced to form NADH.
• NAD+ serves as an oxidizing agent, and in the process is oxidized to form NADH.
• NAD+ serves as a reducing agent, and in the process is reduced to form NADH.
• NAD+ serves as a reducing agent, and in the process is oxidized to form NADH.
Question 6 (0.5 point) How many stages are used in describing the pathways of catabolism?
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
Question 7 (0.5 point) Most of the energy generated during the breakdown of biomolecules [from your food] is produced during Stage .
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
Question 8 (0.5 point) What are the names of the two parts of Stage 4?
• Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport
• Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
• Oxidative Phosphorylation and Glycolysis
• Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle
Question 9 (0.5 point) Oxygen is required during Stage 4.
• True
• False
Question 10 (0.5 point) The energy generated during metabolism is released in ______ portions as the result of _______ reactions.
• small; many
• small; a few
• large; many
• large; a few
Explanation / Answer
1. Catabolism is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones and energy is released.
There are two types of metabolism in our body. One is catabolism and other is anabolism.
In catabolism, the larger molecules (mainly complex food particle) are broken down into simple small particles which can be easily absorbed in the body. And as a result of this biochemical process, energy is released which is further used in other metabolic activities.
Anabolism is the opposite reaction of catabolism. It is the synthesis of complex molecule from simple molecules in order to initiate the storage of energy.
2. ATP - ADP interconversion js the most important.
When ATP ( adenosine triphosphate) is converted into ADP (adenosine di phosphate), phosphate is released. The bond between one phosphate and ADP is broken. Thus, the energy, which is released in this process, is now can be used in other biochemical pathways.
3. Energy is released when ATP is hydrolized to form ADP
As I've discussed in the previous answer, ATP is broken down in the presence of water (hydrolysis) and forms ADP and inorganic phosphate. The bond between ADP and inorg. phosphate is now broken and energy is released due to this.
4. An oxidizing agent causes an oxidation reaction but it gets reduced.
In oxidation - reduction reaction, a molecule is oxidized when in looses electron and a molecule is reduced when it gains electron. An oxidizing agent helps in oxidation but it gains electron. Thus, it gets reduced.
5. NAD+ serves as a good oxidizing agent. As I've discussed in the prev. answer, an oxidizing agent gains electron and gets reduced. So, it gains electron and forms NADH. Gaining electron is called reduction. So, NAD+ is an oxidizing agent which is reduced to NADH.
6. 3.
These stages are: ? Hydrolysis of larger molecules into smaller units.
? Conversion of these smaller units into Acetyl CoA
? Oxidation of Acetyl CoA & ATP production by electron transport chain. However ther latter one often classified as stage 4.
7. 3
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in this step. Acetyl CoA is oxidized. Now this goes into electron transport chain after a series of metabolic reactions. Once it reaches there, ATP production starts. This is the source of energy.
8. Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
The end products of citric acid cycle (which is also knows as krebs cycle/ TCA cycle) are NADH, FADH2. These are electron carriers. They go to electron transport chain and helps to run the system of ATP generation.
9. True.
Kreb cycle doesnot require oxygen. But the end products of TCA cycle goes to electron transport chain. Reactions in electron transport chain requires oxygen. So overall, stage 4 has a need of oxygen.
10. Large, many.
Energy is generated from breaking down the food products. However, this is not very much efficient. But about 40% of energy which is stored in food, canbe produced during catabolic reactions. This is directly related to the production of ATP. As we know there are many stages of catabolism ans every stage has many sub steps to perform for each of the food molecule. So, it results from many reactions.