Patient developed inflammation a few hours following eye surgery. Instruments an

Question

Patient developed inflammation a few hours following eye surgery. Instruments and solutions had been sterilized by steam autoclaving, and the Limulus Ameobocyte Lysate (LAL) assay on the solutions was positive. These findings indicate that the patients inflammation was due to: A contamination of surgical materials by gram positive bacteria B allergy to Limulus C Infection caused by endospore producing gram positive bacteria D a superantigen E antibodies Patient developed inflammation a few hours following eye surgery. Instruments and solutions had been sterilized by steam autoclaving, and the Limulus Ameobocyte Lysate (LAL) assay on the solutions was positive. These findings indicate that the patients inflammation was due to: A contamination of surgical materials by gram positive bacteria B allergy to Limulus C Infection caused by endospore producing gram positive bacteria D a superantigen E antibodies A contamination of surgical materials by gram positive bacteria B allergy to Limulus C Infection caused by endospore producing gram positive bacteria D a superantigen E antibodies

Explanation / Answer

answer is D- a superantigen

First of all, Limubus Ameobocyte Lysate is an assay to check the contamination of gram negative bacteria. Limubus Ameobocyte lysate react with Lipopolysaccharides which are the component of gram negative bacterial cell wall.

Superantigens are type of antigens in bacteria and viruses that result in non specific activativation of T-cells upto 20% of the whole body T-cells resulting in the release of large amount of cytokines. This cytokines arouse macrophages and inturn release proinflammatory cytokines resulting in the inflammation.

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