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Please answer all the questions, thank you. 1. A second action potential cannot

ID: 277195 • Letter: P

Question

Please answer all the questions, thank you.

1. A second action potential cannot be generated during the absolute refractory period because.....

Select one:

a. The voltage-gated Na+ is already open.

b. The voltage-gated Na+ channel has not been reset.

c. Voltage gated K+ channels are open.

d. Voltage-gated K+ channels have not been reset.

e. Both A and B are correct.

f. Both C and D are correct.

2. An EPSP is the result of activation of what kind of membrane protein?  

Leak channel or Chemically-gated channel

3. Multiple sclerosis is a devastating disease because it...

produces degeneration of nerve terminals in unmyelinated axons.

stops the action of the Na+/K+ pump.

prevents neurotransmitter release in motor neurons.

produces a conduction block at the point of demyelination. (This is my guess)

blocks action potentials by blocking voltage-gated K+ channels.

Explanation / Answer

Q.1

Answer: The voltage-gated Na+ channel has not been reset.

Explanation: Absolute refractory period is a period which is immediately followed by the repetitive firing of nerve fiber,during which a new action potential cannot be generated even though you apply strong stimulus. At the peak of action potetial, all Na+ channels are inactivated and they can not open immediately. Re-activation of Na+ channels is a time dependent process which takes upto minimum of 4-5 minutes to open again. During this period, even though you apply strong stimulus these channels can not be opened. After a refractory period if you apply strong stimulus these channels open again and respond to the stimulus and generates the action potential.