QUESTION 4 Researchers conducted a trial assigning patrons of barber shops who w

Question

QUESTION 4 Researchers conducted a trial assigning patrons of barber shops who were hypertensives to a pharmacist led intervention by which pharmacists prescribed anti-hypertension medications irn collaboration with medical doctors, or referred to the doctors and given advice for life-style modification. At baseline, the systolic blood pressure of both study arms was similar. At six months of follow-up, the mean systolic pressure fell 27 mm in the pharmacist led intervention arm but only 9 mm in the comparison group. Assuming that the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was similar at baseline if the authors reported that 11% and 68% in the intervention and comparison groups had uncontrolled hypertension, what was the efficacy (in percent) of the intervention in bringing hypertension under control?

Explanation / Answer

As per the data provided,

% of individuals with uncontrolled hypertension in intervenation group = 11%

% of individuals with controlled hypertension in intervenation group (Favourable results in intervenation) = 100-11 = 88% or 0.88

% of individuals with uncontrolled hypertension in comparison group = 68%

% of individuals with controlled hypertension in comparison group (Favourable results in comparison) = 100-68 = 32% or 0.32

Now, calculating the attributive risk = Favourable results in intervenation - favorable results in comparison

attributive risk = 0.88 - 0.32 = 0.56

Efficacy = Attributive Risk/Favourable reults in intervenation

Efficacy = 0.56/0.88 = 0.636

Efficacy% = 63.6%

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