Chapter 8 HW #2 In recent years, professional sports have incorporated the use o
ID: 2947166 • Letter: C
Question
Chapter 8 HW #2 In recent years, professional sports have incorporated the use of instant replay in order to dispute questionable calls by the referees. For example, in the National Football League (NFL) a head coach is allowed to challenge the referees decision twice per game. In order for the referees to reverse their original decision, the instant replay must exhibit clear evidence to the contrary Suppose the referees rule that a pass was caught out of bounds. The head coach of the team that threw the ball believes the player completely caught the ball before stepping out of bounds, and the coach challenges the referees' decision. The referees will review all available evidence (video taken from different camera angles) and make a decision. If there is evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that their original call was incorrect, the play will be called a complete pass. However, if there is no clear evidence to contradict the original call, the play will remain ruled as an incomplete pass. Notice the similarity between the decision to change a call and the decision to reject the null hypothesis in a hypothesis test. The process involves collecting convincing evidence that the original call or the null hypothesis is not true. The referee only rejects the call if the instant replay exhibits clear evidence to the contrary, just as a researcher only rejects the null hypothesis if the study results provide clear evidence to the contrary. In both cases, not changing the call and not rejecting the null hypothesis doesn't mean that the original call or the null hypothesis was correct; it means that not enough evidence was provided to the contrany. To formulate the process as a hypothesis test, the null hypothesis is that the player hypothesis is that the player , and the alternative . The testing procedure then assumes that the player , with a goal of determining whether there is enough evidence to infer that the player After the referees review video of all possible camera angles, according to the process of a hypothesis test, what two possible decisions can the referees make? Check all that apply. (Hint: Remember that there are two possible decisions from a hypothesis test: you can either reject the nul hypothesis or fail to reject the null hypothesis. Rejecting the null hypothesis means you have convincing evidence that the null hypothesis is false and the alternative hypothesis is true. Failing to reject the null means you do not have convincing evidence that the null hypothesis is false.)Explanation / Answer
ANSWER:
1) Referee rules that pass was caught inbounds.
2) Head coach believes that pass was caught out of bounds.
Evidence reviewed and if found that original call was incorrect, then conclude as incomplete pass.
If no clear evidence, then conclude as complete pass.
H0: The null Hypothesis is that the player caught the ball inbounds.
Ha: The alternate Hypothesis is that the player caught the ball out of bounds.
With a goal of determining whether there is enough evidence to infer that the player caught the ball inbounds or not.
Correct Options (two possible decisions):
b) Conclude that they do not have convincing evidence to support the hypothesis that the player caught the ball in bounds.
c) Conclude that they have convincing evidence to support the hypothesis that the player caught the ball in bounds.
A type I error occurs when you incorrectly reject a true null hypothesis. In this case, Type I error corresponds to the referee concluding that they do not have enough evidence to support the hypothesis that the player caught the ball inboundswhen the player actually caught the ball inbounds.
A type II error occurs when you incorrectly retaininga false null hypothesis. In this case, Type II error corresponds to the referee concluding that they have enough evidence to support the hypothesis that the player caught the ball inbounds when the player actually caught the ball out of bounds