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In the Jubjub bird, the gene G controls feather color. The dominant allele G giv

ID: 302413 • Letter: I

Question

In the Jubjub bird, the gene G controls feather color. The dominant allele G gives rise to black pigmentation, and the recessive allele g gives rise to a pale gray color when homozyous. The gene D regulates size. The dominant allele D gives rise to giant jubjubs with wingspans over 5 meters, and dwarfism, with wingspans averaging 3 meters, is recessive. The ability to talk is also recessive. The dominant allele of the T locus results in mute birds. A single female jubjub bird can lay a clutch of over 900 eggs. A fully heterozygous female was mated with a dwarf, gray male who could talk. The offspring were counted. Please indicate whether any or all of these genes assort independently of one another. Map any linked loci.

Color Adult Size Speech Number of Offspring Black Giant Mute 5 Black Giant talking 17 Black dwarf Mute 0 Black dwarf talking 361 gray Giant Mute 379 gray Giant talking 0 gray dwarf Mute 14 gray dwarf talking 6

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

All genes are present in the same chromosome and they are not at all assorted independently.

Gene map:

G----------1.22 mu--------T-----------3.44 mu--------------D

Explanation:

Based on the information, the cross is test cross. If the genes are not linked and they are assorted independently, the trihybrid testcross ratio is “1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1”

But the number of offspring produced is not in the ratio mentioned above. Therefore the genes are linked.

Hint: Always recombinant genotypes are smaller than the non-recombinant genotypes.

Hence, the parental (non-recombinant) genotypes is Gdt/gDT

Color

Adult Size

Speech

Number of Offspring

Genotype

Black

Giant

Mute

5

GDT

Black

Giant

talking

17

GDt

Black

Dwarf

Mute

0

GdT

Black

Dwarf

Talking

361

Gdt

gray

Giant

Mute

379

gDT

gray

Giant

Talking

0

gDt

gray

Dwarf

Mute

14

gdT

gray

Dwarf

Talking

6

gdt

1).

If single crossover occurs between G&d..

Normal combination: Gd/gD

After crossover: GD/gd

GD progeny= 5+17=22

gd progeny = 6+14=20

Total this progeny = 42

The recombination frequency between G&d = (number of recombinants/Total progeny) 100

RF = (42/900)100 = 4.67%

2).

If single crossover occurs between d & t..

Normal combination: dt/DT

After crossover: dT/Dt

dT progeny= 14+0=14

Dt progeny = 17+0=17

Total this progeny = 31

The recombination frequency between d&t = (number of recombinants/Total progeny) 100

RF = (31/900)100 = 3.44%

3).

If single crossover occurs between G&t

Normal combination: Gt/gT

After crossover: GT/gt

GT progeny= 5+0=5

gt progeny = 6+0=6

Total this progeny = 11

The recombination frequency between G&t = (number of recombinants/Total progeny) 100

RF = (11/900)100 = 1.22%

Recombination frequency (%) = Distance between the genes (mu)

G----------1.22 mu--------T-----------3.44 mu--------------D

All genes are present in the same chromosome and they are not at all assorted independently.

Color

Adult Size

Speech

Number of Offspring

Genotype

Black

Giant

Mute

5

GDT

Black

Giant

talking

17

GDt

Black

Dwarf

Mute

0

GdT

Black

Dwarf

Talking

361

Gdt

gray

Giant

Mute

379

gDT

gray

Giant

Talking

0

gDt

gray

Dwarf

Mute

14

gdT

gray

Dwarf

Talking

6

gdt