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If any one can help, I have no clue how to solve this problem: In a study, the v

ID: 3060236 • Letter: I

Question

If any one can help, I have no clue how to solve this problem: In a study, the various stages of sleep for a large group of people were monitored in 30-second intervals, or "epochs." For each epoch, sleep stage was categorized as Wake, REM, or Non-REM. The accompanying table provides a summary of the results. Each cell of the table gives the number of epochs that occurred when transitioning from the previous sleep stage to the current sleep stage. Complete parts a through e below.

Sleep stage data table

Current Stage Non-REM    REM     Wake

Non-REM               31,111      152       1,768

REM                    344            7,093       154

Wake                  1,541          368         6,330

Totals                 32,996        7,613       8,252

Any help appreciate. I am unsure of how to solve. Thank you!

Explanation / Answer

The matrix van be converted to transition probability matrix where P(i,j) that is from state i to state j Pij=Nij/Sum(Nij) for j=1,2,3 which is the number transitioned from state i to j divided by the sum of row i.

For example P(NonREM, NonRem)=31111/(31111+152+1768), P(REM,NonRem)=344/(344+7093+154) P(Wake,NonRem)=1541/(1541+368+6330) and similarly P(Nonrem,Rem), P(NonRem,Wake), P(Rem,Rem), P(Rem,Wake), P(wake,Rem) and P(Wake,Wake) can be calculated.

Once we get the probability matrix A. then the steady state probabilities can be found as given the initial state s b, the steady state is lim(n tends to infinity){A^n*b}