Case Studies Urinalysis 2016 Student Name: Maximum of 2s points will be awarded.
ID: 317184 • Letter: C
Question
Case Studies Urinalysis 2016 Student Name: Maximum of 2s points will be awarded. Itisan eren book project and open friend project. Each question shows point values in parentheses 05 point will be deducted for each incidence of unprofessional work as wah lack of neatness, misspellings, or alegibility. Answers must inso the space provided under each question Excessive answering for any specific question will result in points loss for that question. Case Study #1 A 20 year old male athlete brings a clear (non-turbid), red urine specimen to the physician's office. Yesterday, he completed a rigorous Iron Man competition. (2 points) would you expect to see redblood cells in the microscopic sediment of this urine? Why or why not? (4 points) Name 2 pathologic causes of a clear, red urine specimen. Under what conditions do these substances appear in the urine? points) The patient reported that the urine appeared cloudy when he collected it the previous evening but was clear in the morning. Is this possible? ExplainExplanation / Answer
Case Study 1.
1. Yes strenous exercise may cause blood in urine. This can happen in non contact sports like -running, rowing swimming or in contact sports like boxing, football and so fortth. Here its the case of non contact sports. There are two mechanisms of non traumatic injury:-
a- Vasoconstriction of the splanchnic and the renal vessels occur during the sports activity so that blood can be pumped to the contracting skeletal muscles, causing hypoxic damage to the nephron. This results in increased glomerular permeability, which would favor increased excretion of proteins and blood into the urine.
b-a relatively more marked constriction of the efferent glomerular arteriole results in the increased filtration pressure which increases the excretion of blood and proteins
2- Clear red urine may be because of the presence of Myoglobin and/or hemoglobin. Myoglobin may come due to over exercises. Hemoglobin may appear due to many reasons- tuberculosis, athletic nephritis, renal cancer, malaria etc.
3- Cloudy urine may be due to excess physical/strenous exercise.
CASE STUDY 2
1. Blood and urine both shows the presence of Glucose. Its Hyperglycemia, as tissues are unable to take up glucose and therefore its present in the blood.
2. Diabetes mellitus. Bariatric is the branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of obesity.
3- In diabetes the filters of the kidneys are damaged and thus protein leaksinto the urine.
4- In insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertension often first appears in the microalbuminuric phase of diabetic nephropathy, whereas in non insulin dependent diabeted mellitus (NIDDM) hypertension often antecedes nephropathyand ay precede the diagnosis of diabetes. Anti-hypertensive regimes such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, vasodiallators, diuretics reduce proteinuria and delay the decline in renal function in IDDM.