In the Country A legal system, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven gui
ID: 3255307 • Letter: I
Question
In the Country A legal system, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. Consider a null hypothesis, H_0, that the defendant is innocent, and an alternative hypothesis, H_1, that the defendant is guilty. A jury has two possible decisions: Convict the defendant (i.e., reject the null hypothesis) or do not convict the defendant (i.e., do not reject the null hypothesis). Explain the meaning of the risks of committing either a Type I or Type II error in this example. Choose the correct answer below. A Type I error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is guilty. A Type II error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is innocent. A Type I error would be incorrectly falling to convict the defendant when he is innocent. A Type II error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is guilty. A Type l error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty. A Type II error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent. A Type l error would be incorrectly convicting the defendant when he is innocent. A Type II error would be incorrectly failing to convict the defendant when he is guilty.Explanation / Answer
A "Type I" error is rejecting the null hypothesis, when it is in fact true. In a court case, it's rejecting a defendant's claim of innocence, when he is in fact innocent --- "convicting an innocent person" is a Type I error.
A "Type II" error is failure to reject the hypothesis, when it was false. In a court case, it's failure to reject the claim of innocence (failure to convict someone), when his claim of innocence is false. "Letting a guilty person go free" is a Type II error.
So the option is option a