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A recent study that examined bone strength collected data from cadaveric femurs

ID: 3319821 • Letter: A

Question

A recent study that examined bone strength collected data from cadaveric femurs from subjects in three age groups. The data are below. Does mean bone strength differ for the three age groups? Use a 5% level of significance. Give each of the following to receive full credit: 1) the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses; 2) the appropriate test; 3) the decision rule; 4) the calculation of the test statistic; and 5) your conclusion including a comparison to alpha or the critical value. You MUST show your work to receive full credit. Partial credit is available.

Young

Middle Age

Elderly

193.6

122.0

123.0

117.0

99.9

112.8

137.5

100.6

125.4

83.5

94.5

83.3

115.6

72.3

99.7

59.0

88.6

84.5

51.2

57.4

78.2

96.7

78.3

Young

Middle Age

Elderly

193.6

122.0

123.0

117.0

99.9

112.8

137.5

100.6

125.4

83.5

94.5

83.3

115.6

72.3

99.7

59.0

88.6

84.5

51.2

57.4

78.2

96.7

78.3

Explanation / Answer

Step 1

null, Ho: µ1 =µ2 =µ3

alternative, H1: mean bone strength differ for the three age groups

Step 2

Degrees of freedom between = k - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2

Degrees of freedom Within = n - k = 23 - 3 = 20

Degrees of freedom Total F( k-1,n - k,) at 0.05 is = F Crit = 3.493

Step 3

Grand Mean = G / N = 98.895

SST = ( Xi - GrandMean)^2 = 21047.0895

SS Within = (Xi - Mean of Xi ) ^2 = 10346.0130

SS Between = SST - SS Within = 10701.076

Step 4

Mean Square Between = SS Between / df Between = 5350.538

Mean Square Within = SS Within / df Within = 517.3006

Step 5

F Cal = MS Between / Ms Within = 10.3431

We got |F cal| = 10.3431 & |F Crit| =3.493

MAKE DECISION

Hence Value of |F cal| > |F Crit|and Here We reject Ho

Mean n Std. Dev 125.80 8 30.020 Young 96.33 7 18.899 Middle Age 74.24 8 16.452 Elderly 98.90 23 30.930 Total