Question 16 [8 points; 4 each part: There is a well-documented \"placebo effect\

Question

Question 16 [8 points; 4 each part: There is a well-documented "placebo effect" in medicine-simply the act of taking a medication that the patient believes to be effective tends to make the patient feel better. In a study released earlier this year, researchers compared the effects of "cheap" and "expensive placebos. (This is a true story, by the way.) The subjects all suffered from chronic lower back pain. Half (randomly selected) were given a pill, and were told that in preliminary trials it showed great promise for treatment of back pain, and was expected to cost around ten cents per pill. The other half were told the same story, except that they were told that the pill would cost around five dollars per pill. Participants were asked to indicate whether or not the pill was effective in alleviating their pain. In fact, both pills were placebos. a) This is an example of a controlled experiment an observational study b) The data should be analyzed using... a z-score a t-score

Explanation / Answer

The researcher has no control over the variables in an observational study. An experiment is a method of applying treatments to a group and recording the effects. Remember, a good group experiment will have two basic elements: a control and a treatment.

a) It is an observational study as subjects were randomly chosen

b) t score

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