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Polya’s urn scheme: You select a ball at random from an urn containing 4 red bal

ID: 3329735 • Letter: P

Question

Polya’s urn scheme: You select a ball at random from an urn containing 4 red balls and 4 green balls. Then you replace that ball along with 2 more of the same color, and then you again select a ball at random. Are the events {first ball selected is red} and {second ball selected is red} independent? Justify your answer in two different ways with appropriate probability calculations.

6. Polya's urn scheme: You select a ball at random from an urn containing 4 red balls and 4 green balls. Then you replace that ball along with 2 more of the same color, and then you again select a ball at random. Are the events (first ball selected is red and {second ball selected is red} independent? Justify your answer in two different ways with appropriate probability calculations

Explanation / Answer

Total number of balls =8

red balls =4

green balls =4

1st draw

P(drawing red ball) =4/8 =0.5 P(drawing green ball) =4/8 =0.5

after first draw

total number of balls =10

Number of red balls =6 (when in first draw we got red ball)

=4 (when in first draw we got green ball)

Number of green balls =6 (when in first draw we got green ball)

=4 (when in first draw we got red ball)

Now

P(getting red ball in second draw) =P(getting red ball in 2nd draw | in first draw we got red ball)*P(1st draw red)

+P(getting red ball 2nd draw | in first draw we got green ball)*P(1st draw green)

=(6/10)*0.5 +(4/10)*0.5

=0.30+0.20=0.5

Now

P(red in 1st draw and in second draw)=P(getting red ball in 2nd draw | in first draw we got red ball)*P(1st draw red)

=(6/10) *0.5 =0.3

now

P(red in 1st draw)*P(red in second draw) =0.5*0.5 =0.25 < 0.3

since P(red in 1st draw)*P(red in second draw) not equal to P(red in 1st draw and in second draw) hence events {first ball selected is red } and {second ball selected is red} are not independent .