I need help with this assignment i will rate your answer!! Explain the large pic
ID: 3399 • Letter: I
Question
I need help with this assignment i will rate your answer!!- Explain the large picture of how the nervous and othersystems of the body is able to control the day-to-day beatingoperation of the heart. Research the internet to determine why thissystem occasionally breaks down.
Research the Internet or texts to provide a clear description ofthe procedure for placing a pacemaker within the body to replacethe normal functions carried out by a healthy body. If you includeany diagrams to illustrate this process, then be sure to indicatetheir source.
Explanation / Answer
As the timely delivery of oxygen to the body is so important, manymechanisms have developed to control a continuous heartbeat. Somemuscles in the heart require no signals from the nervous system,and would continue to beat even when removed from the heart. Thecells in the heart are connected by intercalated discs, whichallows them to contract together. The contractions are coordinatedby the sinoatrial node, SA, or pacemaker. The pacemaker islocated in the wall of the right atrium, near where the superiorvena cava enters the heart. The pacemaker contracts 72 times perminute, and is regulator of the heart. The pacemaker makeselectrical impulses that are spread throughout the heart, signalingthe different sections to contract. There are various inputs from other systems. One set of nervesspeeds up the pacemaker while the other slows it down. The overallrate is the compromise between the two. Hormones, like epinephrine(fight-or-flight) secreted into the blood also affect the heartrate. Body temperature affects the pacemaker. Those with a fevercan usually see their pulse increase dramatically, as an increaseof 1 degree Celsius can increase the heart rate by 10 rates aminute. One reason the system fails is that the ventricles and atrias donot pump at their natural time, which results in less blood to thebody and may end in heart failure. Artificial pacemakers are sophisticated devices that send outtimely electrical signals to correct the faulty timing of theheart. The pacemakers are composed of generators andleads. Generators contain the computer and battery, andleads, the flexible insulated electrical wire, are connected to thegenerator and pass through the veins to enter the heart. Usuallythey are placed in the right atrium and right ventricle. The generator measures and evaluates the electrical activity of theheart via the leads. If it is too slow, the generator sends its ownelectrical signal to contract the heart. The synchronization of theright atrium and right ventricle is called AV synchrony.