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Identify obstacles to critical thinking in the following passages using the cate

ID: 3444860 • Letter: I

Question

Identify obstacles to critical thinking in the following passages using the categories from Chapter 2:

Getting Personal

Logical Error

Confirmation Bias: Halo Effect

Confirmation Bias: Horn Effect

Appeal to common practice

Stereotyping

Subjective Relativism

Social Relativism

Philosophical Skepticism

Peer Pressure

Group Think

Appeal to Popularity

1.                  I’ve believed in the spirit world since I was a child. I have often felt the presence of

otherworldly beings. So I am sure that I saw a ghost at the foot of my bed last night.

2.                  Unfortunately, only six people came to this year’s annual company picnic. It was a

disaster. I was on the planning committee, but it wasn’t my job to make sure invitations went out on time.

3.                  I was not invited to the big year-end bash at Paris’s house. It’s okay. I didn’t want

to go anyway.

4.              Picasso’s artworks are stupid. He was a terrible artist. None of his people look like

people. And that’s just my opinion.

Getting Personal

Logical Error

Confirmation Bias: Halo Effect

Confirmation Bias: Horn Effect

Appeal to common practice

Stereotyping

Subjective Relativism

Social Relativism

Philosophical Skepticism

Peer Pressure

Group Think

Appeal to Popularity

Explanation / Answer

1. This passage could be categorized to the obstacle of the appeal to the common practice. In this passage the writer is appealing with an emotional tone of past experience ,and beliefs in ghost are common in most of the cultures.

2. This passage has Subjective Relativism obstacle to critical thinking because the writer is considering himself/herself right for their action despite the circumstances that has gone wrong.

3. This passage has getting personal obstacle to critical thinking because the writer is taking it personally instead of thinking about the other reasons for not getting invited.

4. This is Confirmation Bias: Horn Effect obstacle to critical thinking as the writer has maintained the negative attitude towards Picasso's painting till the end of the passage.