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Cadaver 245 exhibits several conditions that are relevant to the cardiovascular

ID: 3484195 • Letter: C

Question

Cadaver 245 exhibits several conditions that are relevant to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems which, most likely, greatly affected the individual’s quality of life and ability to perform everyday tasks. But their body was probably not in this state for most of their life, just near the end. So what happened? How are normal anatomical structures affected by these conditions? How are the body’s functions altered?

First, let’s take a look at the primary and contributing causes of death:

PRIMARY CAUSE OF DEATH

Respiratory Failure

CONTRIBUTING CAUSES OF DEATH

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Pneumonia

Lung Cancer

Congestive Heart Failure

1. Explain the causes, symptoms, and anatomical structures affected by these conditions:

            COPD

            Pneumonia

            Lung Cancer

            Congestive Heart Failure

Explanation / Answer

Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease which is also called CPOD is an obstuctive lung desease which causes increasing breathlessness in individual. Initially symtom of this disease is not prominent so it is difficult to identify but its symptom become prominent in more developed stage. Its main cause is inhaling pollutant. These pollutants may be inhaled in the form of smoking, pollution caused through vehicles, dust etc. But some time this disease is also due to genetic reason. one such cause is antitrypsin related COPD is deficiency of Alpha-1 antitypsin protein. Its symptom includes frequent coughing, tightness in chest and increased breathless. In this desease most affected anatomical structure is lungs where in case of emphysema even lungs got damaged.

Pneumonia is also severe desease in which lungs got infected by germs. This disease is associated with cold and flu. It will become life threatning in case of older people and small kids. This may be caused by viruses or bacteria but their symtoms are same. pneumonia caused due to bacteria are generally treated by antibiotic however in case of virus is not treated by antibiotic. main symptom of pneumonia includes fast heartbeat,fast breathing, cough with mucus,weakness, vomiting and fever. Most affected organ in this case is lung .

Lung cancer is a severe disease of lung in which cells of lungs divides in abnormal way and uncontrolled way resulting in tumor. When this tumor become maliganant it grow fastly and enter in blood stream and spread in different part of body. thus it is life threatning and difficult to treat. Its main symptom involves constant chest pain, cough,blood with coughing,loss of apetite, weakness, swelling of face etc. smoking is one of the main cause of lung cancer.

Congestive heart failure is caused due to weak pumping power of heart. due to heart failure heart fails to pump blood to all part of body and thus pressure increases .this result in kidney to respond causing fluid retention in different organs of body like feet and lungs and due to this congested body parts it is called sa congestive heart failure. It is caused due to heart attack, damage of herat muscles,high blood pressure, valve disease, kidney disease etc. Its symtom includes fluid retention in body, weakness, irregular heartbeat,and dry cough and wheezing etc.