Focus on Process, please provide answer to the questions below: 1.Describe the f
ID: 3492166 • Letter: F
Question
Focus on Process, please provide answer to the questions below:
1.Describe the four stages in Wallas’ cognitive process model (Kirton).
a.Predict how a more adaptive and a more innovative problem solver might approach each of these stages (assuming they are acting in accord with their preferred styles).
b.What impact would different levels (both type and degree) have on the stages of this process?
2.In the schema for cognitive function (Kirton), each of the main elements (cognitive affect, cognitive resource, and cognitive effect) is allocated a specific operating process through which it exerts its influence. Describe the process (or processes) associated with each of these elements.
4.Within the Scientific Method, what is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
a.What impact might different levels and styles have on inductive and deductive reasoning?
b.What impact might different levels and styles have on experimentation?
Explanation / Answer
Graham Wallas proposed models of creative process in his work "The Art of Thought (1926). In this model, he tried to describe stage-wise process when people approach problem with motive of having solution in creative way. Following are the 4 stages of Wallas cognitive creative process model:
I. Preparation: At this stage, people define or identify the problem that needs to be resolved and what are all resource and/or information needed to resolve the problem. Example: Quality manager defines new quality benchmark for the process and gathers all required resources and information to achieve this goal.
II. Incubation: At this stage, the problem is internalized into the unconscious and churning starts internally. After that, individual will get familiar with the problem and tries to get creative solution (usually out of the box). Example: Quality manager at this stage, starts working on his own without any external communication on achieving the new benchmark for the process and gets familiar with the problem and fine-tunes his goals and needs.
III. Illumination: At this stage, the ideas for resolution come from preconscious to conscious awareness. These ideas are chunks of thoughts (usually out of the box) to have a creative solution for the defined problem. There may be many ideas combined as single solution or many number of single whole ideas as solution.
IV. Verification: This is final stage, where the ideas popped are tested and verified for suitability and feasibility to problem that is identified in preparation stage. This verification stage may include elaboration, testing, and application of the ideas. Example: Quality manager at this stage, tries to put ideas together in a systematic way in order to get possible solution for the problem defined earlier and tests the possible efficacy of solution.
a) More innovative problem solver tries to define or identify the problem and seek solution in creative out of the box way rather going with existing tested rule method.
In contrast to more innovative problem solvers, more adaptive problem solvers prefer time tested and already in use techniques rather than looking beyond those techniques.
At preparation stage, new goals are identified and conceptualized by innovative thinker, where as adaptive problem solvers checks for ready formulas to define a problem or need. At the incubation stage, concept formation and familiarization with problem happens very quick for innovative problem solvers and there will be rapid shift to next stage that is illumination. At illumination, innovative thinking is at the best and ideas come out as new strategies for achievement of goal in creative way, whereas adaptive thinkers study previous case studies to adapt the successful ideas. Next at verification, the strategies are tailored in an innovative first-hand way to form a creative solution to the problem identified by innovative problem solvers, whereas adaptive problem solvers use strategies formed before and successful for similar situation.
b) More adaptive problem solvers strategies impact majorly at the preparation as they prefer to define problem within the paradigm, whereas innovative thinkers go beyond and try innovative concepts to identify problem as new opportunities. Adaptive problem solvers strategies for solution impacts the verification stage with no new innovative solution, whereas innovative problem solvers strategies are "what if" based and lead to new concepts are solution for the identified problem.