Fluids were drawn from different areas of the nephron. The solutes in the fluid
ID: 34947 • Letter: F
Question
Fluids were drawn from different areas of the nephron. The solutes in the fluid were measured and the results are presented in the chart below. Analyse the following results and answer the accompanying questions.
Bowman's
Capsule
Quantities are in g/100 mL.
a. Which of the solutes was not filtered into the nephron? Please explain your answer.
b. Predict whether glucose would be found in the glomerulus and provide reasons for your prediction.
c. Why do urea and ammonia levels increase after filtration occurs?
d. Is it correct to say that veins carry blood with high concentrations of waste products and arteries carry blood with high concentrations of nutrients? Please explain.
e. Compare the blood found in the renal artery and renal vein with respect to urea and glucose.
SoluteBowman's
Capsule
Glomerulus Loop of Henle Collecting Duct Protein 0 0.8 0 0 Urea 0.05 0.05 1.50 2.00 Glucose 0.10 No data 0 0 Chloride 0.37 No data No data 0.6 Ammonia 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.04 Substance X 0 9.15 0 0Explanation / Answer
a. Protein and substance X because both of them are not present in Bowman's capsule and other parts of nephron but present in glomerulous. Thus, it means that these substances have not been filtered into Bowman's capsule from Glomerulous.
b. Yes it will be found. Glucose can be reabsorbed from nephron to Glomerulous.
c. It happenes because water gets reabsorbed from proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). It will decrease the water content of the filterate thus increasing the concentration of remaining filterates.
d. No. Since veins carry blood from organs to heart, they usually contain blood having excreted material from various tissues and CO2. Yet there are veins like renal vein and pulmonary vein that contain blood devoid of excretory material and CO2 respectively. Similarly all the arteries do not contain nutrient or pure blood for e.g. pulmonary artery contains carbon dioxide containing blood and renal artery contains blood having excretory material.
e. Urea is an excretory material, therefore, it should be high concentration in renal artery and low in renal vein. Approx. 50% urea gets reabsorbed from the PCT, therefroe, the concentration in renal vein should be almost half of what is found in renal artery. should be Glucose is reabsorbed from nephrons, thus, its concentration should be almost similar in both renal artery and vein; though it can be slightly higher in renal artery since some glucose may get excreted by nephron.