Use the following scenario to answer the next 3 questions: Siegfried experiences

Question

Use the following scenario to answer the next 3 questions: Siegfried experiences a hemorrhage in an artery, and now blood is leaking out of the resulting hole leading to a decrease in his blood pressure.

38) What changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity would you expect to see? Choose ALL that apply.

a) decreased parasympathetic activity

b) decreased sympathetic activity

c) increased parasympathetic activity

d) increased sympathetic activity

39) As a result of the change in autonomic activity, what receptors would be activated in target tissues? Choose ALL that apply.

a) decreased activation of alpha receptors in arteriolar smooth muscle

b) increased activation of alpha receptors in arteriolar smooth muscle

c) decreased activation of beta receptors on the ventricles

d) increased activation of beta receptors on the ventricles

e) decreased activation of beta receptors on the SA node

f) increased activation of beta receptors on the SA node

g) decreased activation of muscarinic receptors on the SA node

h) increased activation of muscarinic receptors on the SA node

40) What physiological effect(s) would this produce? Choose ALL that apply.

a) decreased cardiac output

b) increased cardiac output

c) decreased heart rate

d) increased heart rate

e) decreased TPR

f) increased TPR

g) vasoconstriction

h) vasodilation

Explanation / Answer

38. Decrease in blood pressure increases work load on heart and this is stimulated by sympathetic nervous system and parasdympathetic system is inhibited. The cardiovascular control center stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to initiate vasoconstriction to increase peripheral resistance and blood pressure options a and d are correct.

39. Stimulation of sympathetic system by cardiovascular control center increases the activation of alpha receptors in arteriolar smooth muscle to increase periphera resistance and increase the activation of beta receptors on the ventricles and SA node to increase activity of heart muscle. The options a, d and f are correct. Muscarinic receptors are stimulated by parasympathetic system.

40. Activation of sympathetic system results in increased cardiac output, increased heart rate, increased TPR and vasoconstriction. The options b, d , f and g are correct.

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