Exercise 5.6. Review Questions 1. There are three main types of cancer arising f
ID: 3520094 • Letter: E
Question
Exercise 5.6. Review Questions 1. There are three main types of cancer arising from the skin: squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Each cancer type is named according to the type of cell that the cancer-causing mutation develops within. For example, squamous cell carcinoma arises from the keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum. Based on this information, identify where a basal cel carcinoma arises, and where a melanoma arises. 2. It has been well-documented that the three skin cancers described in the preceding question can be caused by damaging exposure to ultraviolet light. Describe the role of the skin in helping to prevent this damage, and also what behaviors you can employ to further prevent skin cancer.Explanation / Answer
1) Basal cell carcinoma: it is an nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, epithelium tumor)that arises from the basal cells( these cells are round, small cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis)the basaloid epithelium typically forming a palisade with a cleft forming from the adjacent tumor stroma, they are many variants of basal cell carcinoma.Melanoma:these are deadly skin disease it affects not only on the areas exposed to the sun light but also other areas like mouth , under nailsetc,the meanoma begins in melanocyte cells found in the innermost layer of the epidermis it occurs when these cells behave abnormaly then the surrounding cells. 2)The role of the skin in preventing the damage from the uv rays, the melanin is a photoprotective factors, and also works as broadband UV absorbent , has antioxidant and radical scavenging properties and the skin has numerous endogenous mechansim toprotect against , reduce or repiar such damage, these mechansims include increasing epidermal thickness , DNA repair mechanisms and apoptosis, antioxidant enzymes. The behaviours to prevent skin cancers is by prevention involoves advising people to use sunscreen, wear clothing wearing a hat and sunglasses to protect from sun exposure, and avioding going out in intense and excessive sun exposure and avoid tanning beds.