Please answer both. Thank you. The bacterium Brucella abortus can utilize the te
ID: 3522587 • Letter: P
Question
Please answer both. Thank you.
The bacterium Brucella abortus can utilize the tetrose erythritol as a carbon source. The concentration of erythritol within a B. abortus cell is 10 mM, while the external erythritol concentration is at levels as low as 0.20 mM. What is the energy requirement for the inward transport of erythritol at 37°C under these conditions? Hint: You may use the equation below. Hint: In this case, T = 37 °C = 310 K.
a) DGinward = +2,409.7 cal/mol·°
b) DGinward = –2,409.7 cal/mol·°
c) DGinward= +1,046.5 cal/mol·°
d) DGinward= –1,046.5 cal/mol·°
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Cystic fibrosis is a term that describes a syndrome produced by defective Cl– channels in humans or their lack of intracellular transport from the ER to the plasma membrane. Why would a cystic fibrosis patient have mucus accumulation in the lungs?
a) Mucus biosynthesis enzymes need Cl–.
b) Water molecules that keep the interior of the lungs wet leave cells as solvation spheres for Cl–.
c) Cl– breaks the interactions between mucus and alveolar cells; its absence leads to mucus
accumulation.
d) It is not known.
Explanation / Answer
(1) b part DGinward= -2409.7cal/mol.
(2) b part water molecules keep the interior of the lungs wet leaves cells as salvation sphere for cl