CHAPTER 15 The Digestive System Large Intestine The large intestine is the last
ID: 3522893 • Letter: C
Question
CHAPTER 15 The Digestive System Large Intestine The large intestine is the last organ of the GI tract. It extends 1.5 meters (S feet) from the the ileocecal valve to the anus. . Which organ has a larger diameter: the small intestine or the large intestine 337 small intestine at Structure of the Large Intestine The large intestine has four main segments: 1. Cecum is connected to the of the small intestine by the ileocecal valve. The vermiform appendix is attached to the cecum's lower margin . What type of tissue is housed in the appendix? . What is appendicitis? How can appendicitis lead to peritonitis? 2. Colon is the longest segment of the large intestine. . Ascending colon continues from its union with the (which organ?) up the right side of the abdominal cavity to a point below the liver. At the right colic (hepatic) flexure, the ascending colon becomes the transverse colon. Transverse colon extends across the abdomen to a point just below the (which organ?) at the left corner of the abdominal cavity. At the left colic (splenic) flexure, the transverse colon becomes the descending colon Descending colon continues down the left side of the inside the pelvic cavity, it becomes the sigmoid colon. cavity. Once . Sigmoid colon is an S-shaped turn of the colon. It continues on as the rectum. 3. Rectum is situated against the in the pelvic cavity. It is a straight tube that converges with the anal canal. 4. Anal canal opens to the exterior at the anus. The anus has an internal, involuntary sphincter muscle and an external, voluntary sphincter composed composed of of muscle. Both sphincters are normally closed until defecation. TIP! The order of the four regions of the colon of the large intestine is logical: ascending. transverse, then descending, and last the sigmoid colon. Modifications of the Layers of the Large Intestine Wall 1. Mucosa lacks the villi seen in the small intestine, but it does have folds in the mucosa and submucosa similar to the small intestine's plicae circulares. Mucus-secreting cells are common in the large intestine. Why is mucus beneficial? The anal columns are parallel ridges or folds in the mucosa of the anal canal. What function do these columns serve?
Explanation / Answer
Ans.
The large intestine has larger diameter. It (Colon) is approximately three times wider than small intestine.
Ans.1
Cecum is connected to the ILEUM of the small intestine by the ileocecal valve.
Submucosa of appendix contains LYMPHOID TISSUES.
Inflammation of appendix is called as appendicitis. There is accumulation of pus due to bacterial infection with pain and inflammation in appendicitis.
When appendix bursts, it releases bacteria which goes and infects the peritoneum and causes peritonitis and leads to severe abdominal pain.